基于乡村振兴的我国乡村地域系统可持续发展研究

THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA'S RURAL REGIONAL SYSTEM BASED ON RURAL REVITALIZATION

关键词:  乡村振兴  乡村地域系统  可持续发展  现状  路径

Key words:  rural revitalization  rural area system  sustainable development  status  path

摘要:

目的 城乡二元结构体制是我国经济和社会发展中的主要瓶颈，城乡二元经济结构的不平衡发展矛盾促使我国城乡差距扩大的趋势持续发展。基于乡村振兴战略背景下剖析我国乡村地域系统可持续发展路径，以期为我国推进乡村发展、破解城乡发展不平衡、缩小城乡差距提供借鉴。方法 文章通过阐述“乡村地域系统”的概念，在综述前人研究的基础上深刻剖析我国乡村地域系统中的现状及存在问题，并基于此提出可持续发展路径或措施。结果 目前，我国乡村地域系统面临的主要问题：空心化严重，人才、劳动力双重流失；农业生产力落后，乡村经济乏力；公共服务条件差，宜居性有待提高等。因此，振兴我国乡村地域系统要注重空间可持续性、经济可持续性及社会可持续性，要从强化“中心镇”功能，重组乡村经济结构；活化传统农业，培育经济新兴业态；完善乡村治理体系，打造宜居环境入手。结论 当前，农业农村应构建和培育有较大发展优势和潜力的增长极、增长带和增长中心，以此为突破口振兴乡村地域系统。强化“中心镇”特色产业培育、公共设施建设、综合服务功能提升，充分发挥其集聚功能和辐射带动作用。改变农业农村资源要素的组合利用方式，将“互联网+”“旅游+”“生态+”深度渗透并融入农业农村发展的各个领域。加强农业产业体系建设，开展适度规模经营，培育龙头企业和特色产业生产基地，实现农业生产经营的专业化、规模化、集约化、标准化。

Abstract:

The urban-rural dual structure system is the main bottleneck in China's economic and social development. The unbalanced development contradiction between urban and rural dual economic structure has promoted the continuous development of the gap between urban and rural areas in China. Based on the rural revitalization strategy, this paper analyzes the sustainable development path of China's rural regional system, in order to provide reference for China to promote rural development, break the imbalance between urban and rural development, and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas. By expounding the concept of "rural regional system", this paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems in China's rural regional system based on the previous studies, and proposed sustainable development paths or measures based on this. The results were listed as follows. At present, the main problems faced by China's rural regional system were: hollowness was serious, talents and labor were lost; agricultural productivity was backward, rural economy was weak; public service conditions were poor, and livability was low. Therefore, the revitalization of China's rural regional system should focus on spatial sustainability, economic sustainability and social sustainability. It is necessary to strengthen the function of “central town” and reorganize the rural economic structure, activate traditional agriculture, foster economic emerging business, and improve rural governance to create a livable environment. At present, agricultural and rural areas should build and cultivate growth poles, growth belts and growth centers with great development advantages and potentials, and use this as a breakthrough to revitalize the rural regional system. And it should strengthen the cultivation of characteristic industries in the "central town", the construction of public facilities, and the improvement of comprehensive service functions, and give full play to its agglomeration function and radiation action. Then changing the combination of agricultural and rural resource elements, and deeply penetrating and integrate "Internet+", "Tourism+" and "Ecology+" into various fields of agricultural and rural development. Finally, strengthening the construction of agricultural industrial system, carrying out moderate scale operation, cultivating leading enterprises and characteristic industrial production bases, so as to realize the specialization, scale, intensification and standardization of agricultural production and management.