农业高质量发展空间布局研究

STUDY ON SPATIAL PATTERN OFAGRICULTURAL HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

关键词:  农业耕地  高质量发展  空间格局  区域政策

Key words:  cultivated land  high-quality development  spatial pattern  regional policy

摘要:

目的 优化农业空间布局是构建发展新格局、推进农业高质量发展的重要内容，也是保障国家粮食及其他重要农产品供给安全的重要支撑。方法 文章以高质量发展理念为指导，运用数据分析与文献研究相结合的方法，系统分析我国农业空间格局的现状、历史演变和存在问题，阐明农业高质量发展的核心要义，构建农业高质量发展空间格局优化方案。结果 1978—2019年我国农业生产重心逐渐向北推进，土地密集型农产品北移和资金密集型农产品东移。未来我国农业发展在农产品供需、自然资源、生态环境、农产品生产、国际市场贸易等方面存在诸多不确定性和潜在风险。结论 基于高质量发展的“产品高品质、生产高效率、产业高安全和经济高价值”四大核心要义，综合考虑国家粮食安全、生态安全、配置效率和乡村振兴等因素，研究提出2035年全国“六区十一带”农业空间战略格局及其耕地保护利用格局方案与相关配套政策措施建议。

Abstract:

Optimizing the spatial distribution of agriculture is not only an important measure to build a new development pattern and promote high-quality agricultural development, but also an important support to ensure the supply security of national grain and important agricultural products.This paper was guided by the concept of high-quality development, used the method of data analysis and literature research to analyze the historical evolution of national agricultural spatial pattern, judge the main challenges, and construct a spatial strategic pattern of high-quality development.From 1978 to 2019, national agricultural production center has gradually moved northward, and land-intensive agricultural products moved northward and capital-intensive agricultural products moved eastward. In the future, China's agricultural development will have many uncertainties and potential risks in terms of agricultural product supply and demand, natural resources, ecological environment, agricultural product production, international market trade, et al.Based on the four core concepts of high-quality development of "high-quality products, high-efficiency production, high industrial safety, and high economic value", and comprehensively considering factors such as national food security, ecological security, allocation efficiency, and rural revitalization et al, the study puts forward the "Six Districts and Eleven Belts" agricultural spatial strategic pattern and its cultivated land protection and utilization pattern plan in 2035, and relevant policy suggestions.