我国重大农业科研设施项目空间布局研究

RESEARCH ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FACILITIES IN CHINA

关键词:  科研设施  空间布局  现代农业  交叉分析  存在问题

Key words:  scientific research facilities  space layout  modern agriculture  cross-analysis  existing problems

摘要:

目的 “藏粮于地、藏粮于技”的粮食战略提出以后，国家科技战略与农业科技自立自强地位与意义愈发凸显。开展农业科研工作除了需要优秀人才以外，还要依靠良好的科研设施设备。因此作为农业大国，需要构建与我国农业主战场以及农业科研攻关方向相契合的农业科研环境，对我国重大农业科研设施项目进行合理规划，并科学布局，以达到最大的投入产出比。方法 文章通过收集制约我国农业生产的环境要素、主要农作物生产分布数据、主要畜禽及水产品生产分布、国内各类农业科研单位空间分布及其主要研究方向、现有国家投资建成的农业科研设施资源底数等资料，全面系统地分析了我国重大农业科研设施需求，在科学布局原则和目标驱动下，采用空间定量分析方法，分析现有科研基础设施布局情况，并提出未来我国新增重大科研设施项目的空间布局方案。结果 现有科研资源底数分析结果表明我国重大科研设施经过多年建设后取得了较好的成绩，初步建立了与农业生产分布基本吻合的科研单位和设施分布，但也存在历史遗留布局问题；面向未来农业科研需求，需要加快部署一批重大科研设施项目，打造一批农业科技国之重器，支撑现代农业技术突破及更好地服务农业现代化。结论 统筹考虑“十四五”期间我国重大农业科研设施项目，形成科学的空间规划，并要落实保障项目实施的制度。

Abstract:

After China launches the strategy of “storing grain in arable land, storing grain for technology ”, the status and significance of national science and technology strategy and self-reliance in agricultural science and technology become increasingly prominent. The development of agricultural scientific research requires not only excellent talents but also good scientific research facilities and equipment. Therefore, as a big agricultural country, it is necessary to build an agricultural scientific research environment that is in line with the main agricultural battlefield and the direction of agricultural scientific research, and carry out reasonable planning and scientific layout of major agricultural scientific research facility projects to achieve the maximum input-output ratio. In this article, we collected the layout of agricultural production conditions, domestic distribution of agricultural scientific research units, the existing resource base of agricultural scientific research facilities such as material, and comprehensively systematically analyzed the major demand for major agricultural scientific research in our country. Driven by the principle of scientific layout and goal, we integrated the method of quantitative analysis of space and cross analysis to put forward the existing scientific research and implementation of major research facilities layout adjustment and the future of our country space layout plan of the project. Through the analysis of the base number of existing scientific research resources, it was found that the construction of major scientific research facilities in China achieved good results over the years, and the preliminary establishment and implementation of scientific research units consistent with the distribution of agricultural production were established, but also with problems of historical layout. To meet the future needs of agricultural research, we need to accelerate the deployment of some major research facilities to support breakthroughs in modern agricultural technologies. In summary, this search suggests that it is necessary to consider comprehensively the major agricultural research facilities projects in China during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and form a scientific spatial planning by rational layout, and ensure the implementation of Project system.