| 摘要: |
| 目的 构建多元主体协同的农作物秸秆综合利用体系。方法 文章基于江苏省海安市与淮安市洪泽区秸秆综合利用典型模式，采用案例分析与对比分析的办法，对秸秆离田综合利用各环节的利益联结机制、政府政策支持等进行系统分析。结果 海安模式相对传统化，兼顾小农户的秸秆收集利用，但需要资源化利用技术与产业的进一步支撑，更离不开政府的政策支持。洪泽模式相对现代化，主要针对规模种植户的秸秆收集利用，效率高、利于田间管理，但农户、企业利益分配不平衡，企业承担的风险较大，不利于持续稳定发展。结论 多元主体协同的秸秆离田综合利用体系构建需满足3个条件：一是不同主体具有实施目标的一致性；二是实现基于利益驱动的多元主体协同；三是政府与市场应有清晰的边界。同时，还需得到政府支持，如在提高秸秆机械化还田利用效果的前提下，解决好秸秆离田问题、支持各类利用企业拓展多元利用的途径、促进秸秆资源化、创新与应用高值化利用关键技术等。 |
| 关键词: 多元主体 协同 秸秆 离田 综合利用 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20220217 |
| 分类号:F205 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金面上项目“农业面源污染治理市场化空间、政府责任边界与共治机制研究”（18BGL164）；国家自然科学青年基金项目“契约关系、技术信息干预与菜农设施蔬菜耕地质量保护行为研究”（71803069）；江苏省农业农村厅项目“江苏现代农业（小麦）产业技术体系产业经济研究”（JATS [2020] 389） |
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| RESEARCH ON CROP STRAW COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION SYSTEM OF MULTI-SUBJECT COORDINATIONANALYSIS OF TYPICAL CASES BASED ON RICE-WHEAT ROTATION AREA |
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Zheng Weiwei1,2, Shen Guiyin1,2
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1.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China;2.Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Decision-making Consultation Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
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| Abstract: |
| This research aims to construct a comprehensive utilization system of crop straws that is operated coordinately by multi-subjects. According to the surveys of different straw utilization models in Hai'an and Hongze in Jiangsu province, the methods of case analysis and comparative analysis were applied to systematically explore the benefit coupling mechanism and government policy support among all links in straw comprehensive utilization system.The results were listed as follows. The Hai'an model, which taking into account of small-farmers' straw collection and utilization, was relatively traditional, showing that the supports from related technology, industrialization, and government policy were absolutely necessary. The Hongze model, mainly considering large-scale farmers' straw collection and utilization, was relatively modern, making it was convenient for field management with high efficiency. However, the distribution of benefits between farmers and enterprises was unbalanced. The enterprise bore a greater risk, leading to an adverse effect on the model's sustainable development. Three conditions are necessary to construct a comprehensive utilization system of straw: firstly, different entities should have the same implementation goals; secondly, multi-subjects should have coordinate incentive-driven operations; lastly, the boundary between government and market should be clear. Meanwhile, the supports of government, such as addressing the problem of collecting straw from the field, helping related companies expand the utilization approaches, promoting straw resource utilization, innovating and applying key technologies for high-value utilization are also needed. |
| Key words: multi-subject synergy straw off-field comprehensive utilization |
