中国分地区农业农村现代化发展水平评价

EVALUATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL MODERNIZATION BY REGIONS IN CHINA

关键词:  农业  农村  现代化  指标体系  评价

Key words:  agriculture  rural area  modernization  index system  evaluation

摘要:

目的 评价农业农村现代化发展水平对实现农业农村现代化至关重要。方法 文章根据农业农村现代化内涵，构建一个包含28个具体指标的农业农村现代化评价体系，参考发达国家经验和我国实际，确定各指标实现农业农村现代化的目标值，对2015—2019年全国及各地区农业农村现代化发展进行分析。结果 （1）2015—2019年全国层面农业农村现代化由发展阶段提高到了提升阶段，但目前存在农业现代化发展增速较慢和农村现代化发展水平较低的问题。（2）从地区差异来看，2015—2019年各地区农业农村现代化水平都有了显著提升，华东沿海地区、中部地区与长江流域、西部地区与东北地区农业农村现代化水平依次降低。（3）按近几年增速预测，2035年全国层面基本实现农业农村现代化问题不大，但是部分地区会有一定困难。结论 最后提出推进农村产业高质量融合发展，完善金融机构对农业农村支持，构建多元主体参与的乡村建设机制，重点加强西部、东北地区农业农村现代化建设的政策建议。

Abstract:

Evaluating the development level of agricultural and rural modernization is very important for realizing agricultural and rural modernization. According to the connotation of agricultural and rural modernization, this research constructed an agricultural and rural modernization evaluation system that included 28 specific indicators, refer to the experience of developed countries and my country's reality, determined the target value of each indicator to achieve agricultural and rural modernization, and compared the national and regional agriculture, and analyzed the development of rural modernization from 2015 to 2019. Studies were showed as follows. (1) The agricultural and rural modernization at the national level increased from the development stage to the promotion stage from 2015 to 2019, but there were currently problems with the slower growth rate of agricultural modernization development and the low level of rural modernization development. (2) From the perspective of regional differences, the level of agricultural and rural modernization in each region had been significantly improved from 2015 to 2019, and the level of agricultural and rural modernization in the coastal areas of East China, the central region and the Yangtze River basin, the western region and the northeast region had decreased in turn. (3) According to the forecast of the growth rate in recent years, the problem of basically realizing agricultural and rural modernization at the national level in 2035 was not big, but some areas would have certain difficulties. Finally, this research put forward policy suggestions. Such as promoting the high-quality integrated development of rural industries, improving financial institutions' support for agriculture and rural areas, building a rural construction mechanism with the participation of multiple subjects, and focusing on strengthening the agricultural and rural modernization in the western and northeast regions.