基于AHP-FCE的家庭农场经营绩效综合评价研究

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF FAMILY FARMS OPERATION PERFORMANCE BASED ON AHP-FCE

关键词:  家庭农场  经营绩效  绩效评价  平衡计分卡（BSC）  模糊综合评价（FCE）

Key words:  family farm  operation performance  performance evaluation  balanced scorecard (BSC)  fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE)

摘要:

目的 将平衡计分卡（BSC）应用于家庭农场经营绩效评价，反映家庭农场经营绩效的综合水平和发展潜力，把握家庭农场经营绩效的产业与区域差异。方法 文章从经济、协调、管理、生态、创新5个维度构建家庭农场经营绩效评价指标体系，基于2019年吉林省东中西部4种产业类型家庭农场的问卷调查数据，使用模糊综合评价（FCE）对被调查农场经营绩效进行综合评价与比较分析。结果 被调查家庭农场总体绩效处于一般和较好之间。其中，协调绩效良好，创新绩效处于一般和良好之间，经济绩效一般，管理绩效和生态绩效偏低；特别是在营销和融资渠道多元化，品牌化与有机化生产方面存在发展瓶颈；不同产业类型家庭农场经营绩效存在明显差异，种养结合类家庭农场绩效最为突出，果蔬类和粮食类家庭农场次之，养殖类家庭农场得分最低；家庭农场经营绩效的区域差异不显著。结论 应加大政策扶持力度，规范土地流转形式，加强金融服务建设，拓宽融资渠道，加快职业农场主培养，促进家庭农场全面、健康与协调发展。

Abstract:

The balanced scorecard (BSC) is applied to the performance evaluation of family farms to reflect the overall level and development potential as well as explore the industrial and regional differences in the performance of family farms. The performance evaluation index system of family farms was established from the five dimensions of economy, coordination, management, ecology and innovation, and based on the questionnaire survey data of four types of family farms in eastern, central, and western Jilin province in 2019, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) was employed to evaluate and compare the performance of the investigated farms. The results showed that the farms presented moderate to good overall performance. Specifically, the farms demonstrated good coordination performance, moderate to good innovation performance, moderate economic performance, and low management performance and ecological performance. Especially, obvious bottlenecks existed in marketing and financing channels diversification, branding, and green production. The operation performance varied among the family farms of different industrial types. The family farms combining planting and breeding had the best performance, followed by the farms engaging in fruits, vegetables and grains, and the animal farming farms scored the lowest. And there was no significant regional difference in the performance. Therefore, we should improve the policy support, standardize the land transfer, strengthen financial services, broaden financing channels, and speed up the cultivation of professional farmers, so as to promote the comprehensive, healthy, and coordinated development of family farms.