基于多因子分析的高原山区火龙果种植适宜性评价

EVALUATION OF PITAYA PLANTING SUITABILITY IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS BASED ON MULTI-FACTOR ANALYSIS

关键词:  火龙果  种植适宜性  多因子评价  高原山区  贵州省

Key words:  pitaya  planting suitability  multi-factor evaluation  plateau mountains  Guizhou province

摘要:

目的 为针对贵州省复杂的生境背景，改进火龙果种植适宜性评价方法。方法 文章研究选用温度、光照、土壤pH、地形地貌和土地利用等生境因子，构建包括地形、气象、土地利用、生态保护等多因子评价指标体系，通过ArcGIS进行空间叠加分析，并以县域和乡镇空间尺度划分贵州高原山区火龙果种植适宜分区。结果 （1）通过该方法分析显示，至2019年，贵州省火龙果种植适宜区为3.520 5万hm²，次适宜区为5 695hm²，适宜区和次适宜区分别占全省国土面积0.20%和0.03%；（2）罗甸县、望谟县、贞丰县为推荐种植县，适宜综合种植面积分别为1.397 9万hm²、9 060hm²和6 568hm²；册亨县、镇宁县和关岭县为一般种植县，适宜种植面积分别为5 413hm²、3 357hm²和1 123hm²；平塘县、安龙县为分散种植县，可种面积分别为311hm²和1 089hm²；（3）推荐种植县中，适宜区在罗甸县中部和南部、贞丰县东南部、望谟县南部分布较多，涵盖30个乡镇；一般种植县中，适宜区集中于册亨县东部、镇宁县南部、关岭县东南部地区的20个乡镇。结论 该研究的过程中使用了充分考虑贵州高原山区土地资源实际情况的多因子评价，弥补了以往单因子研究的不足，可为为山地农业产业布局和适宜性评价体系的构建提供了参考。

Abstract:

To improve the evaluation method for the suitability of pitaya planting, this paper selects habitat factors such as temperature, light, soil pH, topography and landuse based on the complex habitat background of Guizhou province, and constructs a multi-factor evaluation index system including topography, meteorology, landuse type and ecological protection. In this paper, we used ArcGIS to perform spatial overlay analysis at the spatial scale of counties and townships to delineate suitable areas in the mountainous parts of the Guizhou plateau for pitaya cultivation. The results showed that: ①Until 2019, the suitable area for planting pitaya in Guizhou Province is 3 5205hm², and the sub-suitable area is 5 695hm². The suitable area and the sub-suitable area occupy 0.20% and 0.03% of the province's land area, respectively; ②LuoDian County, Wangmo County, and Zhenfeng County are recommended planting counties, and suitable comprehensive planting areas are 1 3979hm², 9 060hm², 6 568hm²; Ceheng County, Zhenning County, and Guanling County are general planting counties, and suitable planting areas are 5 413hm², 3 357hm², 1 123hm²; Pingtang County and Anlong County are scattered planting counties, with plantable areas of 311hm², 1 089hm²; ③Among the recommended planting counties, suitable areas are in the middle and south of Luodian County, the southeast of Zhenfeng County, and the southern part of Wangmo County is more distributed, covering 30 townships; among general planting counties, suitable areas are concentrated in 20 townships in the eastern part of Ceheng County, the southern part of Zhenning County, and the southeastern part of Guanling County. A multi-factor evaluation of evaluating land resources in the mountainous areas of the Guizhou plateau was utilized in this study, which corrected the shortcomings of previous single-factor studies and can serve as a reference for the design and layout of an evaluation system for mountain agricultural industries.