一村一策，确定乡村“三生”功能建设、提升人居环境质量工作重点

ONE VILLAGE, ONE STRATEGY, SET PRIORITIES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF RURAL PRODUCTION-LIVING-ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT ENVIRONMENT QUALITY

关键词:  一村一策  乡村  “三生”功能  人居环境  TOPSIS模型

Key words:  one village, one strategy  rural area  production-living-ecological function  human settlement environment  TOPSIS model

摘要:

目的 研究乡村“三生”功能和人居环境质量对其实现区域的乡村振兴和可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。方法 文章以北京市门头沟区为例，基于乡村的微观尺度，集成实地调研、土地利用和遥感数据，运用因子分析法、TOPSIS模型和椭圆标准差等方法对“三生”功能和人居环境质量进行量化评价及其关联研究。结果 （1）门头沟区生产、生活和生态功能水平不等，各功能空间分异明显；“三生”功能整体水平较低，呈东高西低的分布格局，高值区聚集，低值区在清水镇和斋堂镇的乡村集中，“三生”功能与生活功能空间重合度高；（2）门头沟区人居环境质量总体偏低，呈现出由东部向西部逐渐递减的态势，具有显著的“点轴模式”特征，空间分布格局相对集聚；（3）门头沟区“三生”功能和人居环境质量的空间分布格局相一致，二者空间关联度高，部分地区因生产发展水平和自然条件的差异有所偏差。结论 未来需基于“一村一策”的发展思路，确定不同乡村“三生”功能和人居环境工作重点，以改善乡村人居环境质量，促进乡村可持续发展。

Abstract:

The study of rural production-living-ecological function and human settlement quality is of great practical significance for regional rural vitalization and sustainable development. Taking Mentougou district in Beijing as a case study, and based on the field research, land use and remote sensing data, this research adopted the factor analysis, TOPSIS model and ellipse standard deviation to quantitatively evaluate the production-living-ecological function and the quality of human settlement environment and its correlation from the micro-perspective of rural areas. The results were showed as follows.(1) Mentougou district had different levels of production function, living function and ecological function. The overall level of production-living-ecological function was low, showing a distribution pattern of high in the East and low in the West. The high-value areas were relative clustered, and the low-value areas were concentrated in the villages of Qingshui and Zhaitang. (2) The quality of rural human settlement in the study area were low overall and showed a downward trend from the East to the West, which had significant spatial of “point-axis model” and agglomeration characteristics. (3) The spatial distributions between the rural production-living-ecological and quality of human settlement environment were consistent in space and highly correlated, and the local differences were mainly due to the differences of product development levels and natural conditions. Therefore, in the future, based on the development idea of "one village, one strategy", it is necessary to set the work priorities for production-living-ecological function and the quality of human settlement environment in different villages, so as to improve the quality of rural living environment and promote rural sustainable development.