山区农户绿色防控技术采用及其收入效应研究——基于武陵山茶叶主产区的调研证据

RESEARCH ON THE ADOPTION OF GREEN PREVENTION-CONTROL TECHNOLOGY AND ITS INCOME EFFECT OF FARMERS IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS——BASED ON THE INVESTIGATION EVIDENCE OF THE MIAN TEA PRODUCING AREAS IN WULING MOUNTAIN

关键词:  茶叶主产区  绿色防控技术  双变量Probit  内生转换回归  收入效应

Key words:  main tea producing areas  green prevention-control technology  bivariate Probit  endogenous switching regression  income effect

摘要:

目的 探讨农户绿色生产技术采用及其效应对实现农业可持续发展与农户增收具有重要意义。方法 基于武陵山区657户农户微观调研数据，文章采用双变量Probit模型分析农户绿色防控技术采用的影响因素，并通过内生转换回归模型进一步探讨绿色防控技术采用的收入效应。结果 （1）山区农户关于绿色防控技术的采用水平还有待提高，11.58%的农户未采用绿色防控技术，同时采用科学用药技术与理化诱控技术的农户占样本农户的一半不到。（2）农户关于科学用药技术与理化诱控技术的采用行为存在互补关系，影响农户采用两种不同技术的因素存在差异性。（3）基于反事实分析框架，绿色防控技术可使未采用技术的农户农业收入提高6.04%；技术采用农户若未采用技术，农业收入水平将下降8.08%，且不同家庭收入水平与不同种植规模农户的技术采用收入效应存在显著异质性。结论 绿色防控技术采用可显著提升山区农户农业收入水平。建议从鼓励农户多技术采用，拓宽农户信息获取途径，引导农户实现规模经营，以及强化技术培训与资金支持力度方面促进农户技术采用，实现绿色防控技术采用的增收目标。

Abstract:

It is of great significance to discuss the adoption and effect of green production technology for farmers to realize sustainable agricultural development and increase farmers' income. Based on the micro-survey data of 657 farmers in Wuling Mountain area, the bivariate Probit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of farmers' adoption of green prevention-control technology, and further explored its income effect by endogenous switching regression model. The results showed that: (1)The adoption level of green prevention-control technology by farmers in mountainous areas still needed to be improved, 11.58% of farmer did not adopt green prevention-control technology，and the farmers who adopted both scientific medication technology and physical and chemical inducement-control technology accounted for less than half of the sample farmers.(2)There was a complementary relationship between farmers' adoption behaviors of scientific medication technology and physical and chemical inducement-control technology, and there were differences in the factors that affected farmers' adoption of the two different technologies.(3)Based on the counterfactual analysis framework, green prevention-control technology increased the agricultural income of farmers who did not adopted the technology by 6.04%; If the farmers who adopted the technology did not adopt green prevention-control technology, the agricultural income level decreased by 8.08%. Moreover, there was significant heterogeneity in the income effects of technology adoption of farmers with different household income levels and different planting scale. The conclusion shows that the adoption of green prevention-control technology can significantly improve the agricultural income level of farmers in mountainous areas. It is suggested that farmers should be encouraged to adopt multiple technologies, broaden farmers' access to information, guide farmers to achieve scale operation, and strengthen technical training and financial support to promote farmers' technology adoption, so as to achieve the goal of increasing income from the adoption of green prevention-control technology.