农业生产性服务促进粮食绿色生产的效应及作用机制研究

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCER SERVICES PROMOTING GREEN GRAIN PRODUCTION

关键词:  农业生产性服务  粮食绿色生产  绿色全要素生产率  GML指数  超效率SBM模型

Key words:  agricultural productive services  green production of grain  green total factor productivity  GML index  super efficiency SBM model

摘要:

目的 探究农业生产性服务对粮食绿色生产的促进效应及其作用机制。方法 文章采用2001—2020年中国31个省（市、自治区，不含港澳台）的面板数据，基于“双碳视角”以粮食产量和粮食生产中碳汇总量作为期望产出指标，以碳排放量为非期望产出指标，采用全局要素生产率指数（GML）和超效率数据包络模型（SBM）测度了各省份粮食绿色全要素生产率（GTFP），并采用面板回归模型检验农业生产性服务对粮食绿色生产的促进效应及作用路径。结果 （1）全国总体粮食GTFP年均值为1.013 1，说明中国粮食的绿色全要素生产率存在一定程度的改善。大多数地区的粮食绿色全要素生产率呈逐年增长，GTFP改进的地区占比达70.97%。省域之间的粮食GTFP波动情况存在一定程度差异，粮食主销区的绿色生产水平要明显低于粮食主产区和产销平衡区。（2）农业生产性服务对粮食绿色生产具有显著促进作用。就不同粮食产销区而言，农业生产性服务对粮食产销平衡区的促进作用最大，其次是主产区，对主销区的作用效果并不显著。（3）就作用机制而言，农业生产性服务通过规模经营、专业分工及技术进步促进粮食的绿色生产。结论 应大力支持农业生产性服务发展，对实现农业可持续发展具有重要意义。

Abstract:

To investigate the promotion effect of agricultural productive services on green food production and its mechanism of action. The paper used panel data of 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China from 2001 to 2020, based on the "double carbon perspective", with grain production and total carbon sink in grain production as desired output indicators and carbon emissions as non-desired output indicators, and employed the global factor productivity index (GML) and used super efficiency data envelope model (SBM) to measure the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of grain in each province, and used a panel regression model to test the promotion effect and path of agricultural productive services on green grain production. The results were showed as follows. (1) The annual average value of overall national grain GTFP was 1.013 1, indicating that there was some improvement in green total factor productivity of grain in China. Most provinces showed year-on-year growth in green total factor productivity of grain, and the percentage of provinces with improved GTFP reached 70.97%. There was a certain degree of difference in the fluctuation of grain GTFP between provinces, and the green production level in the main grain marketing area was significantly lower than that in the main grain producing area and the balanced production and marketing area. (2) Agricultural production services had a significant role in promoting green grain production. As far as different grain production and marketing areas were concerned, the agricultural production service industry had the greatest promotion effect on the grain production and marketing balance area, followed by the main production area, and the effect on the main marketing area was not significant. (3) In terms of the mechanism of action, agricultural production services promoted green production of grain through large-scale operation, professional division of labor and technological progress. The development of agricultural productive services should be strongly supported, which is important for achieving sustainable agricultural development.