中国水生蔬菜出口市场集中度和依赖度分析

ANALYSIS ON THE CONCENTRATION AND DEPENDENCE OF CHINA’S AQUATIC VEGETABLE EXPORT MARKET

关键词:  水生蔬菜  出口市场  市场集中度  市场依赖度  市场风险

Key words:  aquatic vegetables  export market  market concentration  market dependence  market risk

摘要:

目的 水生蔬菜作为我国区域性特色明显的优势农产品，出口创汇能力强。以莲藕、芋头和荸荠为主要研究对象，分析其出口规模、产品结构和市场分布，可全面把握中国水生蔬菜的出口市场形势，有助于防范出口市场风险，以便更好地推进中国水生蔬菜出口市场的进一步优化。方法 文章通过测算市场集中率和依赖度系数，对2012—2021年中国水生蔬菜的出口市场集中度与依赖度进行分析。结果 中国水生蔬菜出口市场集中度高，由高到低依次为芋头、莲藕和荸荠；出口依赖性强，其中莲藕对马来西亚、日本、美国的市场依赖性强；芋头对日本、美国的市场依赖性强；荸荠对马来西亚、新加坡和越南的市场依赖性强。结论 基于研究结果和发现，提出拓展新兴市场、提升质量标准、延长产业链条等建议，以降低水生蔬菜出口风险、提升国际竞争力，推动中国水生蔬菜更好地发展。

Abstract:

As a dominant agricultural product with obvious regional characteristics in my country, aquatic vegetables have a strong ability to earn foreign exchange through export. Taking lotus root, taro and water chestnut as the main research objects, this research aims to analyze their export scale, product structure and market distribution, fully grasp the export market situation of China's aquatic vegetables, so as to help prevent export market risks, better promote the further optimization of China's aquatic vegetable export market. By measuring the market concentration rate and dependence coefficient, this study analyzed the export market concentration and dependence of China's aquatic vegetables from 2012 to 2021. The results showed that China's aquatic vegetable export market had a high degree of concentration, and the order from high to low was taro, lotus root and water chestnut; and the export dependence was strong, showing that the lotus root had a strong dependence on the markets of Malaysia, Japan, and the United States, taro had a strong dependence on the markets of Japan, the United States, and water chestnuts were highly dependent on the markets of Malaysia, Singapore and Vietnam. Based on the research results and findings, it suggests that it should expand emerging markets, improve quality standards, and extend the industrial chain to reduce the export risk of aquatic vegetables, enhance international competitiveness, so as to promote the better development of aquatic vegetables in China.