农户采纳稻虾共作模式的邻里效应研究

NEIGHBORING EFFECT ON FARMERS’ ADOPTION BEHAVIOR OF CO-FARMING OF RICE AND CRAYFISH

关键词:  邻里效应  乘数效应  农户采纳行为  稻虾共作模式  生态农业模式

Key words:  neighboring effect  multiplier effect  farmers' adoption behavior  co-farming of rice and crayfish  ecological agricultural model

摘要:

目的 稻虾共作生态农业模式在长江中下游地区发展迅速，对于这一生态农业模式的扩散机理研究，有助于推动其他生态农业模式发展。方法 文章基于湖北省、湖南省和安徽省农户调研数据，采用二元Probit计量方法分析了农户采纳稻虾共作模式的邻里效应，并采用工具变量法对基准回归结果的内生性进行检验及计算出社会乘数效应。结果 （1）农户的稻虾共作模式采纳行为存在显著的邻里效应，同村邻里农户采纳行为均值每提高一个单位，个体农户采纳稻虾共作模式的概率将提高26.5%；邻里农户采纳行为的社会乘数效应为1.69。（2）农户的稻虾共作模式采纳行为还存在显著的情景效应；加入合作社可以显著提高农户稻虾共作模式采纳行为。结论 在生态农业模式采纳比较少的行政村内，可以采取适当的激励政策引导部分农户采纳生态农业模式，再通过邻里互动效应作用，间接影响其他农户，从而提高整体采纳水平，形成规模效应。优先采纳的农户通过技术示范、经济收益示范，影响和带动其他农户采纳；充分发挥合作社的辐射带动作用，促进农户生态农业模式采纳行为。

Abstract:

Co-farming of rice and crayfish has been experienced great development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. To explore its diffusion mechanism is helpful to promote other kinds of ecological agriculture model. This study employed binary Probit model to analyze neighboring effect on farmers' adoption behavior of co-farming of rice and crayfish based on farmers' survey data from Hubei province, Hunan province and Anhui province. Furthermore, IV-probit model was applied to examine endogenous problem and calculate social multiply effect. The results were indicated as follows. (1) There was a significant endogenous neighboring effect of farmer's adoption behavior on co-farming of rice and crayfish, which indicating individual farmer's adoption probability improved 26.5% with neighboring farmer's average of adoption raise one unit, and the social multiplying effect of neighboring farmers' adoption behavior was 1.69. (2) Farmers' adoption behavior of co-farming of rice and crayfish had a significant exogenous effect. Joining the cooperative could significantly improve farmers' adoption behavior of co-farming of rice and crayfish. Therefore, the administrative villages where the adoption of ecological agricultural model are relatively rare, appropriate incentive policies can be adopted to guide some farmers, and then indirectly affect other farmers through neighboring interaction effect, so as to improve the overall adoption level and form scale effect. Farmers who adopt first can incentive other farmers' adoption through technology demonstration and economic benefit demonstration. Besides, it is significant to give full play to the radiating and driving role of cooperatives, and promote the adoption of ecological agricultural model behavior of farmers.