基于三维生态足迹模型辽宁省耕地生态补偿额度估算分析

ESTIMATION AND ANALYSIS OF CULTIVATED LAND ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION IN LIAONING PROVINCE BASED ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT MODEL

关键词:  耕地  生态足迹  生态承载力  生态补偿  辽宁省

Key words:  cultivated land  ecological footprint  ecological carrying capacity  ecological compensation  Liaoning province

摘要:

目的 基于省域尺度的地理环境、社会发展、经济状况和支付意愿差异，通过分析耕地生态盈余与赤字情况，科学量化耕地生态补偿额度，为耕地资源数量、质量和生态三位一体保护提供可行路径。方法 文章基于碳足迹和产量因子修正的三维生态足迹模型，利用系数修正法测算各市耕地生态补偿额度。结果 （1）2019年辽宁省锦州市、阜新市和盘锦市3市为耕地生态补偿区，补偿额度为0.53亿元；沈阳市、大连市等其他11市为耕地生态受偿区，受偿额度为16.70亿元。（2）2019年全省耕地生态服务价值总体是向外输出状态，应得补偿费为16.18亿元；生态消费区与生态服务区不存在“空间异位”现象，生态赤字区主要集中在辽宁西部区域。（3）全省各市化肥施用强度均超过800kg/hm²，导致沈阳市、大连市、阜新市、铁岭市和朝阳市的耕地碳足迹均较高。结论 耕地生态补偿有助于推动资源节约型和环境友好型的社会建设。研究成果对耕地生态补偿机制的建立具有指导作用，可为区域耕地生态补偿额度测定提供理论和方法参考。

Abstract:

The study aims to quantify the amount of ecological compensation for cultivated land and to provide a feasible method for the trinity protection of the quantity, quality and ecology of cultivated land resources by analyzing the situation of ecological surplus and ecological deficit based on the differences in geographical environment, social development, economic status and willingness to pay at the provincial scale. Based on the three-dimensional ecological footprint model modified by carbon footprint and yield factor, the coefficient correction method was used to calculate the amount of cultivated land ecological compensation in each city. The results were showed as follows.(1) In 2019, the cultivated land ecological compensation areas in Liaoning province were Jinzhou city, Fuxin city and Panjin city, and the amount of ecological compensation payment was 52.64 million yuan. Areas receiving ecological compensation for cultivated land were Shenyang city, Dalian city and other 11 cities, and the amount of ecological compensation payment that should be accepted for cultivated land is 1.670 billion yuan. (2) Liaoning province exported the ecological service value of cultivated land as a whole in 2019, and could obtain 1.618 billion yuan as cultivated land ecological compensation payment, and there was no “spatial ectopic” phenomenon in ecological surplus and ecological deficit areas, and ecological deficit areas were mainly concentrated in the western region of Liaoning. (3) The fertilizer application intensity of each city in the province was exceed 800kg/hm², and resulting in a high carbon footprint of cultivated land in Shenyang, Dalian, Fuxin, Tieling and Chaoyang. In summary, the determination of ecological compensation amount of cultivated land helps push the establishment of the resource-efficient and environmentally friendly society. The research results play a guiding role of the establishment of the cultivated land ecological compensation mechanism, and can provide theoretical and methodological references for the determination of ecological compensation amount of regional cultivated land.