浅丘低丘地貌背景下耕地细碎化评价及分区研究

EVALUATION AND ZONING OF CULTIVATED LAND FRAGMENTATION UNDER THE GEOMORPHIC BACKGROUND OF SHALLOW AND LOW HILLS

关键词:  浅丘低丘  自然主导细碎化  权属主导细碎化  四象限  分区

Key words:  shallow and low hills  nature dominates fragmentation  ownership dominated fragmentation  four quadrant  zoning

摘要:

目的 浅丘低丘是西南地区重要的地貌类型，探索其背景下耕地细碎化特征并进行分区整治有助于地区农业实现规模经营，助力乡村振兴。方法 文章从村域尺度选择重庆市垫江县某村作为研究区，以地块为评价单元，选择3个自然细碎化指标和3个权属细碎化指标，通过熵权法计算指标权重，综合指数法测算得每个地块自然细碎化指数和权属细碎化指数，并通过四象限法得到该区域不同的细碎化耦合类型。结果 （1）研究区自然主导细碎化以中等得分（53.41~64.20）为主，权属主导细碎化以较高得分（66.61~77.40）为主，权属主导细碎化程度更高。（2）自然细碎化程度极高和较高的区域主要集中在岭的四周和谷的边缘，程度与坡度正相关；而权属细碎化程度在空间上的分布相互间杂，全面发育。（3）四象限划分结果分别为高自然细碎化高权属细碎化、低自然细碎化高权属细碎化、高自然细碎化低权属细碎化、低自然细碎化低权属细碎化，其占比依次为31%、32%、17%和20%。（4）在村域范围内进行耕地细碎化整治时，土地整治工程和权属调整都应结合细碎化的组合类型因地制宜，尤其是权属调整方面，可创设性地将自然细碎化高的区域（高自然细碎化高权属细碎化和高自然细碎化低权属细碎化）和自然细碎化低的区域（低自然细碎化高权属细碎化和低自然细碎化低权属细碎化）分别流转给不同类型的经营者，让其分别进行专业化经营。结论 浅丘低丘地貌背景下耕地细碎化以权属细碎化为主导，整治时应分不同耦合类型因地制宜进行土地整治和权属调整。

Abstract:

Shallow and low hills are important geomorphic types in southwest China, exploring the characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in the background and guiding zoning regulation can help regional agriculture achieve large-scale operation and rural revitalization. A village in Dianjiang county, Chongqing was selected as the study area at the village scale. With land plot as the evaluation unit, three natural fragmentation indicators and three ownership fragmentation indicators were selected. The entropy weight method and comprehensive index method were used to calculate the index weight and natural fragmentation index and ownership fragmentation index of each land plot separately. At last, different coupling types of fragmentation were obtained by four quadrant method.The results were as follows: 1) The natural dominated fragmentation in the study area was mainly medium (53.41~64.2), while the ownership dominated was mainly high (66.61~77.40), and the ownership dominated fragmentation was higher than the natural. 2) The areas with high degree of natural fragmentation are mainly concentrated around the ridge and the edge of the valley, and the degree is positively correlated with slope; However，the spatial distribution of ownership fragmentation degree is mixed with each other and develops comprehensively. 3) The results of four quadrants were high natural and high ownership fragmentation, low natural and high ownership fragmentation, high natural and low ownership fragmentation, low natural and low ownership fragmentation respectively, accounting for 31%, 32%, 17% and 20%.4) When the cultivated land fragmentation consolidation is carried out in the village area, the land consolidation project and ownership adjustment should be based on the combination type of fragmentation according to local conditions, especially in the aspect of ownership adjustment. The regions with high natural fragmentation (high natural and high ownership fragmentation, high natural and low ownership fragmentation) and regions with low natural fragmentation (low natural and high ownership fragmentation, low natural and low ownership fragmentation) can be creatively transferred to different types of operators, so that they can carry out professional management respectively. Under the background of shallow hill and low hill landform, cultivated land fragmentation is dominated by ownership fragmentation, and different coupling types should be divided into land consolidation and ownership adjustment according to local conditions.