绿色政策选择、粮食技术进步与要素禀赋协调发展研究

THE IMPACTS OF GREEN POLICY ON GRAIN TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND FACTOR ENDOWMENT COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT

关键词:  粮食生产  化肥零增长行动  偏向型技术进步  协调发展  双重差分法

Key words:  food production  policy of fertilizer zero growth  biased technological progress  coordinated development  differences-in-differences

摘要:

目的 构建“政策选择—技术进步偏向—要素禀赋”协调发展的分析框架，探究化肥使用零增长专项行动的政策选择，对技术进步类型与要素禀赋结构相互关系的影响。方法 文章基于2010—2020年中国省级面板数据，使用2级嵌套CES生产函数测度各地区的粮食技术进步类型，并使用多时点双重差分模型，探究政策选择对技术进步及其要素禀赋协调程度的作用。结果 政策选择有效促进了生物化学型技术进步，其对机械型技术进步无明显作用；化肥零增长有效促进了粮食技术进步与要素禀赋的协调程度提升；然而，地区异质性分析发现政策选择对协调程度的影响，在北方有显著促进作用，在南方地区有抑制作用。进一步分析发现，政策选择能通过提升协调程度促进粮食全要素生产效率的提升；化肥减量伴随出现了粮地“流失”现象。结论 在粮食绿色政策选择的深化改革进程中，仍需明确地方的要素禀赋差异，实施差异化的技术推广路径；并坚持全国一盘棋的解决方针，强化地区间的协同机制，以期粮食生产安全与绿色可持续发展目标的共同实现。

Abstract:

Through constructing an analytical framework for coordinated development of "policy choice- technological progress bias-factor endowment", this research explore the influence of policy choice of special action on zero growth of fertilizer use on the interrelationship between the type of technological progress and factor endowment structure. Based on the panel data of China's provincial level from 2010 to 2020, this study used the second-level nested CES production function to measure the type of grain technology progress in each region, and adopted the multi-time point difference model to explore the effect of policy choice of zero-growth fertilizer use action on the relationship between the type of technology progress and factor endowment structure. The results showed that policy choice effectively promoted biochemical technological progress, but had no obvious effect on mechanical technological progress. In addition, under the guidance of policy choices, the coordination degree between grain technology progress and factor endowment was obviously improved. However, the analysis of regional heterogeneity found that the influence of policy choice on coordination degree was significantly promoted in the north and inhibited in the south. Further analysis showed that policy choice could promote the improvement of grain total factor production efficiency by improving the degree of coordination. The decrease of fertilizer was accompanied by the phenomenon of "non-agriculture cultivation" of cultivated land. Therefore, In the process of deepening the reform of green policy selection, it should clarify the difference of local factor endowments and implement differentiated technology promotion paths. And it also should adhere to the “all-round cons” stratagem, strengthen the coordination mechanism between regions, in order to achieve food production security and green sustainable development goals.