基于四象限法的三江平原“稻改豆”分区划定研究

STUDY ON THE ZONING OF "RICE-TO-SOYBEAN CONVERSION" IN SANJIANG PLAIN BASED ON FOUR QUADRANTS METHOD

关键词:  三江平原  稻改豆  适宜性  集聚性  四象限法

Key words:  Sanjiang plain  rice to soybean conversion  suitability  aggregation  Four-Quadrant method

摘要:

目的 “稻改豆”政策试点是国家为解决当前三江平原农业可持续发展面临的问题与挑战而提出的重要举措，对推进黑土地保护、促进农业高质量发展具有重要意义。方法 文章从国家政策导向及地区农业发展现状出发，围绕“稻改豆”目标导向及约束条件，厘定相关逻辑内涵，以适宜性准则、集聚性准则两个维度构建“稻改豆”分区划定体系，在此基础上以国家粳稻主产区——三江平原为研究区，基于2021年作物分类数据，运用四象限法对三江平原井灌区水田进行“稻改豆”分区划定，并进行了实证检验。结果 研究划定“稻改豆”优先区面积56.35万hm²，占井灌区水田面积的40.35%，主要分布在抚远市、同江市、绥滨县；“稻改豆”潜力区面积67.84万hm²，占井灌区水田面积的48.58%，主要分布在虎林市、宝清县、友谊县；“稻改豆”发展区面积15.46万hm²，占井灌区水田面积的11.07%，广泛分布在各市县。结论 该结果可为未来区域性的“稻改豆”试点工作提供参考。

Abstract:

The Chinese government launched the "rice-soybean rotation" pilot project as an interesting initiative to respond to the crisis and challenges faced in sustainable agricultural development in the Sanjiang Plain region. This project has significantly impacted the region's high-quality agricultural development and strengthened soybean production capacity while promoting black soil protection. Consequently, based on the national policy orientation and the current status of regional sustainable agricultural development, this article focused on the objective policy orientation of the "rice to soybean conversion" initiative. And Choosing the Sanjiang Plain region as a case study area, this investigation aimed to define the relevant logical connotations by constructing a zoning system for the "rice to soybean conversion", focusing on suitability and aggregation criteria. Based on crop classification data for 2021, the Four-Quadrant method was used to characterize the zoning for " rice to soybean conversion" in the paddy fields of the irrigation zones, followed by empirical testing. The main research results indicated that the priority area for "rice to soybean conversion" represented about 563 500 hectares, accounting for 40.35% of the total paddy fields in the irrigation areas. And this cropping change was mainly distributed in Fuyuan city, Tongjiang city, and Suibin counties. Conversely, the potential land area for "rice to soybean conversion" was approximately 678 400 hectares, accounting for 48.58%. Also, this change was mainly distributed in Hulin city, Baoqing, and Youyi county. Finally, the expansion land area for "rice to soybean conversion" was estimated at 154 600 hectares, accounting for 11.07%, widely distributing across various cities and counties. Consequently, these results can provide a reference for the micro-scale pilot project of " rice to soybean conversion."