农业产业结构调整影响农业生产效率的空间效应研究

THE SPATIAL IMPACT OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL RESTRYCTURING ON THE EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

关键词:  农业产业结构  合理化  高级化  农业生产效率  空间效应

Key words:  agricultural industrial structure  rationalization  advanced  agricultural productivity  spatial effects

摘要:

目的 探究农业产业结构调整对农业生产效率影响的空间效应特征，对于促进农业可持续发展、实现农业农村现代化具有重要的现实意义。方法 文章基于2009—2022年我国31个省（市、区，不含港澳台）面板数据，采用泰尔指数、熵值法以及数据包络分析测算了我国农业产业结构合理化、高级化和农业生产效率的发展水平，并借助空间杜宾模型实证检验其影响关系及空间溢出效应。结果 （1）我国农业产业结构合理化、高级化水平以及农业生产效率不断提升，且存在着显著的空间关联性。（2）我国农业产业结构合理化提高能有效促进当地生产效率的提升，但对周边地区农业生产效率有抑制作用；农业产业结构高级化对当地和周边地区生产效率提升都呈现显著的正向影响。（3）我国农业产业结构合理化、高级化对农业生产效率的影响存在明显的区域异质性，合理化影响在西部地区最显著，高级化影响在东部最为显著。结论 建议我国农业产业结构调整应秉持长期化视角、强化区域协同、坚持技术驱动并实施差异化策略，以此全面提升农业生产效率与现代化水平。

Abstract:

Exploring the characteristics of the spatial effect of agricultural industrial structure adjustment on agricultural productivity is of great practical significance for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and achieving the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Based on panel data from 31 provinces in China spanning from 2009 to 2022, the development levels of rationalization and advancement of the agricultural industrial structure, as well as agricultural production efficiency, were measured by using the Theil index, entropy method, and data envelopment analysis. And the influence relationship and spatial spillover effect were then empirically examined with the aid of the spatial Durbin model. The study found that: (1) The rationalization and advancement of China's agricultural industrial structure, along with agricultural production efficiency, were continuously improving, and there was a significant spatial correlation among them. (2) The rationalization of China's agricultural industrial structure effectively promoted local production efficiency, but it had an inhibitory effect on the agricultural production efficiency of surrounding areas; conversely, the advanced structure of the agricultural industry exhibited a significant positive impact on productivity improvement both locally and in neighboring regions. (3) There was evident regional heterogeneity in the impact of rationalization and advancement of China's agricultural industrial structure on agricultural production efficiency. The impact of rationalization was most significant in the western region, while the impact of advancement was most pronounced in the eastern regions. It is recommended that China's agricultural industrial restructuring should adopt a long-term perspective, strengthen regional coordination, adhere to technology-driven approaches, and implement differentiated strategies to comprehensively enhance agricultural production efficiency and modernisation levels.