中国农民农村共同富裕水平区域差异及特征分析

REGIONAL DISPARITIES AND SPATIOTEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMON PROSPERITY OF FARMERS AND RURAL AREAS

关键词:  农民农村  共同富裕  区域差异  时空特征  空间收敛

Key words:  farmers and rural areas  common prosperity  regional differences  spatiotemporal characteristics  spatial convergence

摘要:

目的 阐述农民农村共同富裕的核心理念并解析其理论框架，实证研究以分析农民农村共同富裕水平的区域差异及其空间收敛特性，以推动实现全体人民共同富裕。方法 文章结合2000—2021年选取的26个省级层面数据，运用熵权-TOPSIS、Dagum基尼系数和kernel密度实证分析农民农村共同富裕水平区域差异和时空特征。结果 我国农民农村共同富裕水平总体呈上升趋势；就地区差异来看，区域内差异由高到低依次为：西部>东部 >中部 > 东北；我国总体和四大区域内存在显著的空间集聚特征，空间相关性为正，省域农民农村共同富裕水平集中度下降，绝对差异扩大，但整体发展趋势是向着收敛的方向进行。结论 缩小中国农民农村共同富裕水平的区域差异，应提高中西部地区农业新质生产力、拓展农村经济多样化发展；促进区域间城乡要素流动，提高农业劳动力报酬比重；鼓励各地区农村制度创新，加快农业现代化发展；激励农民和企业的价值创造，推动农村经济共建共享。

Abstract:

This study aims to clarify the theoretical framework for understanding the core concept of common prosperity for Chinese farmers and rural areas, and empirically examine the regional variabilities in the common prosperity level for Chinese farmers and rural areas and the spatial convergence characteristics, so as to provide insights for promoting common prosperity across China. And this research employed the methods, including the entropy weight Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method, Dagum Gini coefficient, and kernel density estimation, to conduct an empirical analysis, and investigated the regional variabilities and spatio-temporal characteristics of the common prosperity levels among Chinese farmers and rural areas using data from 26 provinces of China from 2000 to 2021. The results were showed as follows. The common prosperity levels for Chinese farmers and rural areas generally increased across provinces. The intra-regional variability in the prosperity levels between urban and rural areas was the highest in Western China, followed by Eastern China, Central China, and Northeast China. Significant spatial agglomeration of prosperity was observed either in the entire China or within each of the four major regions of China. A positive correlation existed between the common prosperity levels for Chinese farmers and rural areas across provinces. The degree of prosperity centralization decreased at the provincial level over time, the absolute differences across provinces widened, but the overall development trend is moving toward convergence. Finally, the following countermeasures are proposed to reduce the regional variabilities in the common prosperity levels for Chinese farmers and rural areas: promote new quality productive forces in agriculture and diversified development of the rural economy in Central and Western China; facilitate the interregional flow of urban and rural elements and increase the remuneration for agricultural labor; encourage rural institutional innovation in various regions and accelerate agricultural modernization; and stimulate value creation by farmers and enterprises to foster rural economic cooperation and shared prosperity.