| 摘要: |
| 为了正确评价中国农业生物质资源的可收集利用量，充分认识其发电潜力，该文以9种主要农作 物的经济产量为基础，结合相关研究及实地调研测定草谷比和资源可收集利用率，分别估算2011年农业生 物质资源的理论可收集量和实际可收集量，进而通过确定各类农业生物质资源的低位发热量，评估其发电 潜力。2011年，中国主要农业生物质资源的最大发电潜力为68 332.31MW，净剩余资源发电潜力为12 210.98MW。玉米、稻谷和小麦3种大宗农作物秸秆及加工剩余物的发电潜力较大，占净剩余资源总发电潜 力的77.51%。河南、黑龙江、山东、河北和吉林等12个省份的净剩余资源发电潜力在500MW以上，占 净剩余资源总发电潜力的72.73%。根据评估结果可以看出，中国农业生物质资源储量丰富，分布较为集 中，发电潜力较大，农业生物质发电形式是应对能源危机和减轻环境污染的较好选择。 |
| 关键词: 中国 农业生物质资源 发电潜力 评估 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20140421 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:河北省软科学研究基地研究项目，教育部中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助 |
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| POWER GENERATION POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL BIOMASS RESOURCES IN CHINA |
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Liu Zhibin1, Ren Aisheng2, Gao Chunyu3, Fu Weizheng4
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1.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081/Department of Economics and Management， North China Electric Power University， Baoding 071003;2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081;3.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081;4.Agricultural Trade Promotion Center， Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China， Beijing 100026
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| Abstract: |
| With the rapid development of the economy and the growing population， the electrical energy demand is increasing in the world. At present， the total power installed capacity dominated by the coal power， which is unrea- sonable and low efficiency. And the resulting energy security and greenhouse gas emissions have been the common issues concerned by increasingly more countries around the world. To develop new energies， including agricultural biomass power， is one of the most effective way to realize the reduction targets， optimize the energy structure and guarantee the energy sustainable development. Because the agricultural biomass resources are rich and distributed widely in China， it has great significance for the implementation of renewable energy development program and the normal operation of biomass power generation projects to assess the main agricultural biomass resources availability and the power generation potential. This paper evaluated the theory availability and practice availability of agricul- tural biomass resources， combining with relevant research and survey to determine the ratio of crop residues with main products， based on economic yields of nine main crops， including rice， wheat， corn， cotton， beans， pea- nuts， rapeseed， potato and sugar cane. And then the power potential was assessed through the determination of low- er heating value of main crop residues. The results showed that， in 2011， the biggest power generation potential of main agricultural biomass resources in China was 68 332.31 MW， and the power generation potential of net surplus agricultural biomass resources was 12 210.98 MW. The power potential of corn， rice and wheat was the biggest， accounting for 37.94%， 24.30%and 15.27% of total net surplus resources power potential， respectively， while the power potential of the other six crops， including cotton，rapeseed，beans，sugar cane， potato and peanut， to- tally accounting for 22.49%of total net surplus resources power potential. In addition， the power generation poten- tial of the other eight crops， except potato crops， was concentrated in five provinces. The net surplus resources power potential with more than 1000 MW， was in Henan， Heilongjiang and Shandong， accounting for 27.21%of the total net surplus power potential. Net surplus resources power generation potential in 500-1000 MW was in Hebei，Jilin，Xinjiang，Jiangsu，Anhui，Sichuan，Hunan and Hubei， and Inner Mongolia， accounting for 45.52% of the total net surplus power potential. According to the assessment results， we could conclude that the power potential of agricultural biomass resources was large in China. Considering the acute shortage of grid connect- ed power supply， the agricultural biomass power could be an attractive option to alleviate energy shortage and envi- ronmental pollution. |
| Key words: China agricultural biomass resources power generation potential assessment |
