| 摘要: |
| 中国是世界上最大的西瓜生产国，西瓜生产效率对西瓜产业的健康持续发展具有重要作用。研究通过追踪调查，收集了2010~2012年中国18个西瓜主产省市区生产成本收益的一手数据，并运用数据包络分析法（DEA）对西瓜生产效率进行了测算和分析。结果表明：从总体上看，吉林、辽宁、湖北、甘肃、湖南、河南和山东7省份西瓜生产效率达到DEA有效；从时间变动趋势来看， 2010~2012这3年间我国西瓜全要素生产率年均增长率为-28%，进一步分解得知主要是由于较大幅度的技术退步抵消了综合效率的促进作用，不同省域间西瓜全要素生产率增长率及增长方式也存在较大差异；从截面数据来看， 2012年我国西瓜生产的平均综合效率为0939，投入要素的使用效率整体较为合理，但仍存在投入冗余的状况，主要表现在农药和农膜的过度使用，并对生产技术无效率的省市区提供相应的效率改进方案。最后有针对性提出了提高我国西瓜产业生产效率的合理性建议。 |
| 关键词: 西瓜 DEA 生产效率 实证分析 中国 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20140615 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:农业部“现代农业西甜瓜产业技术体系”建设专项（CARS-26-23） |
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| EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY OF WATERMELON INDUSTRY IN CHINA |
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Zhao Jiang1, Zhou Zhongli2, Huang Zhao3
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1.Institute of Agricultural Scientech Information，Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences，Beijing 100097，China;2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China;3.China Agricultural Science and Technology Press，Beijing 100081
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| Abstract: |
| China is the biggest watermelon production country in the world, and the production efficiency plays an important role in healthy and sustainable development of watermelon industry. Based on the first-hand data of cost profits of watermelon from 2010 to 2012 through the tracking investigation, this paper evaluated and analyzed the production efficiency of watermelon of 18 provinces in China by using data envelopment analysis（DEA）method. The results showed that：in general, the watermelon production efficiency of Jilin, Liaoning, Hubei, Gansu, Hunan, Henan and Shandong reached DEA effective; the growth rate of the TFP（total factor productivity）of watermelon in 18 provinces was -28%, because the technological efficiency was offset by the negative growth of technology progress, and quite large differences of watermelon production efficiency existed among different provinces. In terms of production efficiency's current situation, the average efficiency of China′s watermelon production in 2012 was 0939, which meant that input use efficiency was relatively reasonable, but there were still redundant input conditions such as pesticide and agricultural inputs. Finally, the efficiency improvement schemes for the production technology inefficient provinces were put forward, and reasonable countermeasures to improve the production efficiency of watermelon industry in China were proposed. |
| Key words: watermelon DEA production efficiency empirical analysis China |
