| 摘要: |
| ［目的］确定合理的城市群规模、职能和分布格局是区域治理和协同发展的必然要求，而精准识别城市发展状态，量化空间功能竞争力一直是重点和难点问题。［方法］以生态位思想作为理论基础，建立城市发展系统模型，将城市发展系统视作经济、环境和社会有机耦合的生态系统。具体采用全排列多边形图示指标法和探索性空间数据分析技术，前者既能克服主成分分析后指标间为单一线性关系的缺点，又能发挥考虑各层级指标阈值对综合分值放缩效应的优点，体现系统整合原理；后者可有效识别相邻单元属性的空间聚集和异常现象，凸显单元的空间关系和分布格局。［结果］（1）北京和天津的综合竞争力强，城市地位高、功能强且作用大，因此生态位扩张效应最显著，内向集聚要素，外向拓展空间，最终占据最优或最大生态位；（2）河北省各市的生态位普遍偏低，存在梯度层次，石家庄、唐山和廊坊等地竞争力较强，衡水和邢台等地则相对较弱；（3）生态位是城市发展系统各组分耦合作用的结果。3个时点下各生态位的聚类结果各异，表明城市群还未能形成稳定的集聚现象，仍有较大的协调发展空间。［结论］目前京津冀城市群发展不均衡体现在社会、经济和环境三大维度。推动区域协同发展，建议尽快明确城市群内部各城市的生态位次，制定科学合理的差异化发展战略。增强京津冀城市群内部城市的空间功能竞争力，建议从污染共治、生态同建、经济合作等方面入手。 |
| 关键词: 生态位 空间功能 城市群 竞争力 京津冀城市群 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU984.11 |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目，北京市优秀人才培养资助（2013D005022000007） |
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| STUDY ON THE SPATIAL COMPETITIVENESS OF BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI URBAN AGGLOMERATION BASED ON NICHE |
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Xu Ze1, Zhang Jianjun2,3, Li Chu1, Li Zhenyu1, Geng Yuhuan4, Tan Chang5
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1.School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2.1.School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;3.2.Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100083, China;4.Tourism School, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China;5.Satellite Environment Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100094, China
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| Abstract: |
| It's an inevitable requirement of regional governance and coordinated development to determine the scale, function and distribution pattern of reasonable urban agglomeration. And the accurately identification of urban development status and quantitative space function competitiveness was difficult and key issue. Based on the theory of niche, the urban development system model is established which is regarded as the compound ecosystem of organic coupling in society, economy and environment. The entire-array-polygon evaluation method and exploratory spatial data analysis technology were used in this paper. The former can overcome the shortcomings of the single linear relationship between the index components which were generated by the principal component analysis. The latter can effectively identify the spatial aggregation and anomaly of adjacent element attributes, and highlight the spatial relation and distribution pattern of the unit. The results showed that: (1) In the urban agglomeration, the comprehensive competitiveness in Beijing and Tianjin was the strongest due to high status, strong function and big effect, so the effect of niche expansion can attract the elements into the city and develop the development space; (2) The ecological niche of cities in Hebei province was relatively weak, of which Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Lang fang and other places were more competitive, but Hengshui, Xingtai and others were relatively weak; (3) The niche was the result of the coupling of the components in the urban development system. The clustering results of the niches at three time points were different, which indicated that the urban agglomeration had not yet formed a stable agglomeration phenomenon. At present, due to the unbalanced development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was reflected in the three dimensions of society, economy and environment, it suggested that the ecological niche of the cities within the urban agglomeration should be clarified as soon as possible and a scientific and rational differentiation strategy should be formulated. In order to enhance the spatial function competitiveness of the cities within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, it suggested starting from the aspects of pollution co-governance, ecological construction and economic cooperation. |
| Key words: niche space function urban agglomeration competitiveness Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei |
