| 摘要: |
| ［目的］明确农药施用与农业经济增长关联状态及其影响因素，为实现“控药减害增收”的目标提供借鉴。［方法］基于2005—2015年数据利用脱钩理论和对数平均分解指数法分解进行分析。［结果］中国农业经济增长伴生大量农药施用，仅少数省域表现出农药施用和农业经济增长扩张绝对脱钩的理想状态，东北西北部分省域农业经济增长则以更大幅度的农药投入增长为代价。中西部地区劳动力规模和技术进步效应是推动农药施用与农业经济增长脱钩的因素； 东部地区种植规模变化、劳动力规模和技术进步因素均是推动农药施用和农业经济增长脱钩的因素； 东北地区仅劳动力规模效应成为推动脱钩的力量。［结论］推动农药施用与农业经济增长脱钩需要强化农业科技的创新与普及，完善农业生产过程中的技术支撑，推动农业病虫害监测预警，加大对环境友好型低污染农药和肥料的推广度； 构建农户施药的多重约束机制，完善农业病虫灾害保险减少农户对生产过程的风险感知，发挥农业合作社对农户施药行为的规制作用，完善产品分级认证和安全准入制度； 通过农地合理流转和农业机械化等方式集约利用农业生产资源； 因地制宜推动农药施用与农业经济增长脱钩，结合区域资源优势和农业发展阶段有针对性地设计对策措施。 |
| 关键词: 农药农业经济脱钩农业科技时空特征 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F304 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“中国农村后义务教育省际不均衡的形成机制与协调策略研究”（71673109）； 山东省自然科学基金项目“山东省生态效率空间差异的特征演变、形成机制和协调策略研究”（ZR2017MG021）； 全国统计科学研究项目“我国绿色增长效率的空间差异格局及数值模拟研究”（2017LZ02） |
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| ANALYSIS OF SPATIOTEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS BETWEEN PESTICIDE APPLICATION AND AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CHINA |
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Yu Wei1, Zhang Peng2
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1.Business Administration School, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China;2.Business School, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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| Abstract: |
| To define the relationship between pesticide application and agricultural economic growth and its influencing factors is important to achieve the goal of pesticide control and agricultural increase. Based on the data of 2005-2015, this study analyzed the factors by the decoupling theory and the LMDI method. The research shows that China′s agricultural economic growth is accompanied by a large amount of pesticide application, only a few provinces show the ideal state of pesticides and agricultural economic growth with the expansion of absolute decoupling. Agricultural economic growth in some provinces in Northeast and Northwest China is at the expense of a larger increase in pesticide input. The scale of labor force and the effect of technological progress in the central and western regions are the decoupling factors of pesticide application and agricultural economic growth; the change of planting scale, the scale of labor force and the factor of technological progress in the eastern region are the decoupling factors of pesticide application and agricultural economic growth; and the scale effect of labor force in the northeastern region is the only decoupling factor. To promote the decoupling between pesticide application and agricultural economic growth, firstly, it is necessary to promote the innovation of agricultural science and technology, strengthen the breeding and popularization of technical support to enhance agricultural production, improve early warning to increase promotion of environmental friendly pesticide and fertilizer. Secondly, construct multiple constraints mechanism to pesticide application, improve agricultural pest disaster insurance to reduce farmers′ risk perception, improve the product grade authentication and security access system. Thirdly, intensive use agricultural production resources effectively by farmland circulation and agricultural mechanization. Fourthly, reduce the dependence of pesticide by local conditions，design countermeasures according to regional resources superiority and agricultural development stage. |
| Key words: pesticide agricultural economy decoupling agricultural technology spatiotemporal characteristics |
