| 摘要: |
| ［目的］探究秦巴山集中连片特困区域搬迁农户生计适应能力及其对生计适应策略的影响，为易地扶贫搬迁政策制定及农户生计适应性研究提供决策参考。［方法］文章基于Pandey等（2011）提出的适应能力评估框架，采用2015年底抽样调查的600多份农户问卷数据，构建农户生计对易地扶贫搬迁的生计适应能力评价指标体系及评估模型，并选择多分类Logistic模型实证分析搬迁农户适应能力对其生计适应策略的影响。［结果］不同适应性水平搬迁户之间的特征存在明显差异，人均耕地面积、住房面积、物质资产、人均纯收入、生计多样化指数、对他人信任度和对政策了解程度等农户生计适应能力指标均是影响农户生计适应策略选择的重要因素。［结论］生计资源致使农户生计适应能力表现各异，进而影响农户选择不同的适应策略。农户提升物质资产水平、积累金融储蓄能力、增强农户社会资本和网络，均有利于提升搬迁农户的生计适应能力，促进农户生计可持续。 |
| 关键词: 易地扶贫搬迁生计适应能力指数适应策略农户 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F3203 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“连片特困地区易地扶贫搬迁对农户可持续生计的作用机制研究：以陕南为例（71803149）； 国家自然科学基金项目“西部重点生态功能区农村社区参与旅游发展的途径、减贫机制与可持续发展——以陕南为例”（71573205）； 国家自然科学基金项目“生态扶贫政策下西部贫困山区生态与生计耦合机制及减贫效应的理论与实证研究——以陕南移民搬迁工程为例”（71673219）； 教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目“集中连片特困地区易地扶贫移民生计恢复力评估及对策研究”（18XJCZH005）； 陕西省教育厅人文社科专项科研计划项目“易地扶贫搬迁对陕南贫困山区农户生计能力影响的机理研究”（18JK0421） |
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| LIVELIHOOD ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS UNDER POVERTY ALLEVIATION RELOCATION*——A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHERN SHAANXI |
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Liu Wei1,2, Xu Jie3, Li Jie2,4
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1.School of Management, Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710055, China;2. Shaanxi Poverty Alleviation Resettlement Research Center, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710049, China;3.School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi′an Jiaotong University, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710049, China;4.3. School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi′an Jiaotong University, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the livelihood adaptation ability of relocated households and its impact on livelihood adaptation strategies in Qinba Mountains in order to provide decision making reference for the formulation of relocation policy and the study of households′ livelihood adaptation. Based on more than 600 households′ survey data in 2015, this paper used adaptive capacity evaluation framework from Pandey(2011) to construct adaptive capacity assessment index system and evaluation model of households′ livelihood to poverty alleviation resettlement. It analyzed the effects of the relocated households′ adaptive capacity on the livelihood adaptive strategy using the Multiple Logistic Model. The results show obvious differences between different adaptive levels of relocated households. Many livelihood adaptive capacity indicators including the area of arable land per capita, housing area, physical capital, annual income per capita, livelihood diversification index, social trust and policy understanding are important factors that influence the choice of farmers′ livelihood adaptive strategies. The livelihood resources result in different performance of households′ adaptability, and then influence the households to choose the various adaptive strategies. Raising the level of physical capital, accumulating financial savings capability, enhancing household′s social capital and network are all helpful to improve the livelihood adaptive capacity of relocated households and promote the sustainable livelihoods. |
| Key words: poverty alleviation relocation livelihood adaptive capacity index adaptive strategy rural households |
