| 摘要: |
| ［目的］畜禽养殖废弃物已成为我国农村环境的首要污染源，但其本身是一项较好的农业资源，环境污染与资源浪费并存，政府和学者们皆提出“市场运作”思想，而当前畜禽养殖废弃物市场化利用水平低、市场化进程慢。通过选取我国畜禽养殖废弃物市场化作为研究对象，探究畜禽养殖废弃物市场化困境，结合四川邛崃的成功实践，提出推进畜禽养殖废弃物市场化的政策建议，实现资源化利用，减少农业面源污染。［方法］文章主要采用规范与实证相结合的方法，以市场经济学理论内容为研究框架，剖析当前畜禽养殖废弃物市场化困境，结合四川邛崃的实证分析提供经验借鉴，并提出政策建议。［结果］畜禽养殖废弃物市场运作面临较大困境：市场主体缺位； 相关产品的市场价值低、供求脱节、价格扭曲、市场制度匮乏等，严重制约畜禽养殖废弃物的市场化利用。［结论］面对环境污染与资源浪费的矛盾，畜禽养殖废弃物的市场化是行之有效的途径，但目前其市场化还处于萌芽、摸索阶段，应加强政府引导，科学界定相关环境产权，明确责权利； 培育多元化市场参与主体，建立与完善畜禽养殖废弃物市场体系； 积极探索多种市场运作模式等，实现畜禽废弃物资源化利用，加快推进面源污染的防治。 |
| 关键词: 畜禽养殖废弃物农业资源市场化面源污染资源化利用 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F3043 |
| 基金项目:四川省教育厅重点项目“资源性农业废弃物市场化研究——以四川为例”（17SA0131）； 四川农业大学社科联专题项目“养殖户畜禽粪便处理方式选择及影响因素研究——基于四川地理和农业五分区视角”（2017ZT02）； 四川省农村发展研究中心项目“基于市民化阶段的四川省农业转移人口市民化机制研究”（CR1710） |
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| MARKETING DILEMMA AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY WASTES*——BASED ON THE SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE IN QIONGLAI OF SICHUAN |
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Zheng Chou1, Ran Ruiping2, Chen Juan3
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1.School of Management of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu , Sichuan 611130, China;2.Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China;3.College of Humanities of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya′an, Sichuan 625014, China
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| Abstract: |
| Livestock and poultry wastes have become the largest source of agricultural non point source pollution in China now. However they are also good agricultural resources. Obviously the environmental pollution and the waste of resources coexist. Both the government and scholars have put forward the "market operation" thought. But the current market utilization level of livestock and poultry farming wastes is low. And the marketization process is slow. Taking the marketization of livestock and poultry wastes in China as the research object, this research explores the market dilemma of livestock and poultry wastes. And by combining with the successful practice in Qionglai city of Sichuan province in Southwest of China, it put forward policy suggestions to promote the marketization of livestock and poultry wastes, so as to achieve resource utilization and reduce agricultural non point source pollution. Taking the market economy theories as the research framework, this research mainly adopted the method of combining normative and empirical evidence, and analyzed deeply the current market dilemma of livestock and poultry wastes, so as to provide experience and reference value based on Qionglai city of Sichuan province in Southwest of China. The market operation is confronted with great difficulties, such as the absence of the market subjects, the low market value of the related products, the disconnection between supply and demand, the distortion of price, the lack of market system, and so on, which are the serious constraints in the market oriented utilization of livestock and poultry wastes. In the face of the contradiction between environmental pollution and waste of resources, marketization of livestock and poultry wastes is an effective way, but the marketization of livestock and poultry wastes is still in the embryonic stage, so policy suggestions are put forward as follows. Scientifically define property rights of the environmental pollution in livestock and poultry wastes and clear power and responsibilities; cultivate new business subjects and encourage the diversification of the participants in the Market in livestock and poultry wastes; establish and perfect the market system, develop the related market of livestock and poultry farming waste management, and promote the structural reform of the supply side; strengthen policy guidance, perfect the government compensation mechanism and realize the effective allocation of livestock and poultry waste market resources; explore various marketing modes according to the local conditions. Thus the resource utilization of livestock and poultry wastes will be realized and the prevention and control of agricultural non point source pollution will be sped up. |
| Key words: livestock and poultry wastes agricultural resource marketization non point source pollution resource utilization |
