| 摘要: |
| ［目的］从生态保护的角度探讨城市人口适度规模，不仅可为地方政府制定生态补偿标准提供建议，还可化解生态资源供需失衡的矛盾。［方法］文章以常德市及下属各区县市为研究对象，利用生态足迹模型测算出2015年常德市的生态足迹和生态承载力，并依据生态补偿量计算生态补偿标准及人口适度规模。［结果］生态资源确实是限制常德市人口发展的一个重要因素，常德市仅有武陵区和石门县处于可持续发展状态，而其余地区人口已超出自然生态承载力的范围。［结论］（1）常德市总体呈生态赤字，耕地赤字是主要原因； （2）常德市应获生态补偿872亿元，以林地和水域为主的地区为主要补偿对象； （3）生态承载力不足是限制常德市人口发展的重要因素。为保证常德市生态可持续发展，地方政府应当从减少生态赤字、健全补偿机制和加大补偿力度3个方面给出具体的政策方案。 |
| 关键词: 人口适度规模生态足迹生态承载力生态补偿常德市 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F0622 |
| 基金项目:教育部人文社科青年项目“劳动力流动视角下中西部地区乡村振兴的实现机制研究”（18YJCZH243）；教育部人文社科项目“2011计划进程中协同创新组织的多层结构、跨层作用及其界面管理研究”（16YJAZH066）； 湖南省社科评审委员会项目“居住状况的改变对湖南省农民工主观幸福感的影响研究”（XSP18YBZ021）； 湖南省社科评审委员会项目“乡村振兴战略下湖南省新乡贤返乡的影响因素及集聚效应研究”（XSP19YBZ022）； 湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目“湖南省财政转移支付与农业转移人口市民化的动态调整机制研究”（17B184）； 该文还获得湖南省社会科学重点研究基地“现代农业经营方式研究”（湘哲社领［2010］14号）平台的资助 |
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| STUDY ON OPTIMUM POPULATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT MODEL*——A CASE STUDY OF CHANGDE CITY |
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He Xin1,2, Tian Lihui3, Mao Linglin3
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1.Collaborative Innovation Center of Dongting Lake EcoEconomic Zone Construction and Development in Hunan, Changde, Hunan 415000, China;2. Economics and Management College, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan 415000,China;3.Economics and Management College, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan 415000,China
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| Abstract: |
| Discussing the optimal population size from the view of ecological protection can not only provide suggestions for local governments to formulate ecological compensation standards, but also solve the contradiction between the imbalance of supply and demand of ecological resources. This paper takes Changde city and its subordinate districts as the research object, uses the ecological footprint model to calculate the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Changde city in 2015, and calculates the ecological compensation standard and the optimal population size according to the ecological compensation amount. The result shows that ecological resources are indeed important limiting factors to the population development of Changde city where Wuling district and Shimen county are in sustainable development, and the population in the other area is beyond the range of natural ecological bearing capacity. This paper draws three conclusions as follows. Firstly, the city has an overall ecological deficit, and the farmland deficit is the main reason. Secondly, Changde deserves ecological compensation amount to 872 million yuan which is mainly for the forest and water areas. Finally, the insufficient ecological carrying capacity is an important factor to restrict the development of population in Changde city. In order to ensure the sustainable development of Changde city, the local government should give specific policy plans from three aspects including reducing ecological deficit, perfecting compensation mechanism and increasing compensation intensity. |
| Key words: optimal population size ecological footprint ecological carrying capacity ecological compensation Changde city |
