| 摘要: |
| ［目的］由于自然要素组合的特殊性，与传统内陆农区相比，滩涂围垦区农业生产特点鲜明。摸清该区大田作物碳足迹，可减少区域碳排放，提升农业生产效率，优化区域资源配置。［方法］采用生命周期评价理论结合IPCC田间温室气体计算方法，建立大田作物碳足迹评估模型，估算滨海滩涂垦区大田作物温室气体排量。［结果］（1）滨海滩涂地区大田作物的碳足迹（以CO2当量）总体在063~0769kg/kg范围内，不同作物的碳足迹由大到小依次为：玉米0769±0224kg/kg、水稻0739±0241kg/kg、小麦0636±0183kg/kg和大麦0630±0184kg/kg；（2）氮肥生产和施用环节对该区碳足迹贡献度最大，贡献率分别为2646％～3712％和2906％～5194％。该地碳足迹数值和结构上呈显著地域化特点，与中国其他地区相比，氮肥施用贡献度大，水田灌溉贡献度大。［结论］降低该地区碳足迹，重点关注施氮和水稻灌溉工程两个方面。采用降低施氮量、提高氮肥利用率、发展节水农业与生态农业等措施，可达到降低碳足迹的目的。 |
| 关键词: 滨海垦区大田作物生命周期法碳足迹节碳减排 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“滨海地区盐渍土改良对土壤有机碳固持的影响机理”（41701371）； 教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“滨海地区畜禽养殖业—沼气能源工程规模、空间集聚特征及其优化研究”（17YJCZH085）； 江苏省高校自然科学研究项目“滨海海地区畜禽养殖业规模、空间集聚特征及其优化研究”（17KJB170006）； 江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目“江苏省沿海滩涂垦区农户主要生计模式下的土壤环境响应”（201610320043Z） |
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| CARBON FOOTPRINT OF FIELD CROPS IN SALINE AGRICULTURE AND ITS DRIVING FORCES*——A CASE STUDY IN YANCHENG′S COASTAL AREAS |
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Li Qiang1,2, Yang Wenhui1, Zou Chenxin1, Xu Xinyue1, Li Jianguo1※, Zhang Zhongqi1
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1.School of Geography, Geomatics, and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China; 2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| Carbon emissions have always been a key issue in agricultural production. Compared with traditional agricultural zones, saline agricultural production generally has some distinctive characteristics, such as higher soil salinity, lower soil nutrients, etc. However, information derived on carbon emissions from saline agricultural production is limited. This research aims to find out the carbon footprint of field crops in the area, so as to reduce regional carbon emissions, improve agricultural production efficiency, and optimize regional resource allocation. This research established a carbon footprint assessment model for field crops by adopting the life cycle assessment theory (LCA), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and estimated the carbon footprint (CF) of four field crop productions (barley, wheat, corn and rice) through greenhouse gas (GHG) estimation method. Furthermore, it further determined the driving forces of carbon emissions, and proposed some effective measures to reduce them. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, the CF from the four crops in the study area varied from 0.630 to 0.769 kg·kg-1, which was higher than that from traditional agriculture. Secondly, GHG emissions from Fertilizer Nitrogen (N) manufacture and inorganic N application had contributed to the greatest percentage of carbon emissions. Compared with traditional agricultural zones, fertilizer N application and paddy irrigation involved with crop productions had overall greater contributions to the CF. Carbon emissions from saline agriculture can be reduced significantly by reducing the amount of N fertilizer application, improving traditional rotation system, developing water saving agriculture and constructing ecological agriculture. |
| Key words: coastal area field crops life cycle method carbon footprint carbon emissions reduction |
