| 摘要: |
| ［目的］分析2015年美国DTB联合公司（DTB Associates，LLP）针对中国粮食（仅包括小麦、大米和玉米）的价格支持力度过度的指控是否合理，并明确我国实际的粮食市场价格支持情况。［方法］文章根据市场价格支持水平的基本计算公式以及我国向WTO的通报文件和公开资料，对2013/2014年度我国小麦、大米和玉米的实际市场价格支持水平进行了重新测算，并将测算结果与指控内容进行了对比分析和讨论。［结果］测算结果表明， 2013/2014年度，我国对小麦、大米和玉米的实际市场价格支持水平分别为168亿元、-221亿元和36亿元，远远低于DTB联合公司的公布结果。［结论］美国DTB联合公司对我国粮食市场价格支持过度的指控不实，主要是指标选取有误和数据选取不合理导致了其对我国粮食价格支持力度过高的判断。为从容应对以后可能面临的国际指控和调查，我国需要在支持手段、支持领域等方面进一步优化粮食市场价格支持政策。 |
| 关键词: 粮食市场价格支持适用的管理价格固定的外部参考价格有资格接受适用管理价格的产量 |
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| 基金项目:国家社科基金项目“供给侧结构性改革背景下我国粮食流通收储政策转变与反应机制研究”（17BJY115）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程人才专项（ASTIP-IAED-2018RC-01） |
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| POLICY OPTIMIZATION AND FUTURE TREND OF CEREALS PRICE SUPPORT IN CHINA*——BASED ON THE U.S. ALLEGATIONS OF EXCESSIVE PRICE SUPPORT OF CHINA′S CEREALS |
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Wang Yun, Zhong Yu
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Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| This research aims to analyze whether it was reasonable for DTB Associates, LLP of the United States to charge that China′s cereals (including wheat, rice and corn) market price support exceeded WTO restrictions in 2015, and to clarify the actual cereals market price support in China. This research recalculated the actual market price support level of wheat, rice and corn in 2013/2014 according to the basic formula of market price support and the notification documents and public information from China to WTO, and compared the calculated results with the accusations. The calculation results showed that the market price support for wheat, rice and corn in China in 2013/2014 was 16.8 billion yuan, -22.1 billion yuan and 3.6 billion yuan, respectively, which was far lower than the estimated results of DTB Associates. In conclusion, the accusation of excessive market price support of cereals is not true, the incorrect index selection and unreasonable data selection of DTB Associates led to the judgment that China′s cereals market price support is too high. In order to deal with the potential international accusations and investigations that may be faced in the future, China needs to further optimize the cereals market price support policy in terms of support means and support areas. |
| Key words: cereals market price support applied administered price external reference price eligible production |
