| 摘要: |
| ［目的］通过分析美国农业可持续发展在法律、政策、制度、科技等方面的经验，对我国农业可持续发展提出建议，提升我国农业可持续发展和高质量发展水平。［方法］文章介绍了美国在统筹设计可持续农业法律和政策、建立农业研究教育与推广体系、开展农业水土资源保护与农业废弃物资源利用、企业引领可持续农业技术创新等方面形成的一些农业可持续发展有效的经验做法和模式，分析了美国农业可持续发展现在面临的主要挑战及其应对策略。［结果］美国推进农业可持续发展，重点包括以自然资源为基础的农业生产布局、以土壤质量为重点的耕地地力保护、以水质保护为核心的农业面源污染治理、以循环农业为重点的农业废弃物资源化利用4个方面内容，对我国有积极的借鉴意义。［结论］我国农业已到了绿色生态转型的发展阶段，要系统设计，加强统筹安排、制度创设，推进中国农业可持续发展。 |
| 关键词: 农业可持续发展农业绿色发展美国中国经验与启示 |
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| EXPERIENCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT OF PROMOTING AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES |
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Zhou Yinghua1, Chen Shixiong1※, Yin Changbin2, He Yingbin2, Yang Zhao3, Ren Yawei4
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1. Department of Development and Planning, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125,China；2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081,China；3. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Planning and Design, Beijing 100125,China；4.Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125,China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the analysis of the experience of agricultural sustainable development in the United States，such as law, policy, system, science and technology, this paper puts forward some suggestions for Chinese agricultural sustainable development, so as to improve Chinese agricultural sustainable development level and high quality development. This paper introduced effective experiences and models of sustainable agricultural development in the United States, such as the issue of agricultural sustainable laws and policies, the establishment of agricultural education and extension system, the development of agricultural water and soil resources protection and the utilization of agricultural waste resources, and the leading role of agricultural sustainable technology innovation by enterprises. It also analyzed the current threats of sustainable agricultural development and countermeasures in the United States. As a result, this paper presented American′s four aspects agricultural sustainable development measures, that were the layout of agricultural production based on natural resources, the protection of cultivated land productivity, the treatment of agricultural non point source pollution, and the utilization of agricultural waste resources, which might have positive reference significance to China. Nowadays, Chinese agriculture development has reached the stage of green development. It is necessary to strengthen systematically design and policy creation, to improve Chinese agriculture sustainable development level. |
| Key words: agricultural sustainable development green agriculture the United States China experience and enlightenment |
