| 摘要: |
| ［目的］将碳排放纳入生产效率框架来评价设施蔬菜生产效率与资源环境之间的协调关系，对于蔬菜生产的可持续发展具有重要意义。［方法］从碳足迹视角对设施蔬菜生产的环境效率进行评价分析。基于2011—2016年21个设施蔬菜生产省（区）的面板数据，采用SBM模型和Malmquist生产率指数，对主产区蔬菜生产环境效率进行测算和分解。在此基础上，构建环境效率—生产率矩阵对地区低碳化发展潜力进行了评价。［结果］不同蔬菜主产区环境效率存在差异，整体呈现为先升后降的倒U型变动趋势； 设施蔬菜生产环境效率损失主要来源于种子、机械排灌等投入冗余以及碳排放过量； 蔬菜生产中，技术“退步”是导致环境全要素生产率下降的主要原因，技术效率的提高促进了环境全要素生产率的增长，但未能抵消因技术进步“恶化”所带来的负效应。［结论］第一、二主产区设施蔬菜低碳化转型速度减缓，其他产区低碳化发展处于低迷状态，因此注重低碳生产技术的创新，加强技术推广，发挥技术进步和技术效率提升的协同效应，对加快建设资源节约和环境友好型农业至关重要。 |
| 关键词: 设施蔬菜环境效率环境全要素生产率效率分解碳足迹 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F323 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“空间均衡视角下蔬菜跨区域供给、地区结构及供给效应研究”(71773121)；现代农业产业技术体系北京市果类蔬菜产业创新团队(BAIC01-2018)；国家社科基金重大项目“我国粮食生产的水资源时空匹配及优化路径研究”（18ZDA074）；国家重点研发计划项目“粮食作物丰产增效资源配置机理与种植模式优化——粮食主产区作物种植模式资源效率与生态经济评价”(2016YFD0300210)；中国农业大学"农业资源经济与政策"高水平创新团队 |
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| ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY AND DECOMPOSITION OF GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE BASED ON CARBON FOOTPRINT PERSPECTIVE |
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Xu Yiting, Mu Yueying
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College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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| Abstract: |
| For the sustainable development of vegetable production, it is of great importance to incorporate carbon emissions into the production efficiency framework, so as to evaluate the relationship between the production efficiency of greenhouse vegetables and the resource environment. From a carbon footprint perspective, this paper evaluated and analyzed the environmental efficiency of the production process of greenhouse vegetables. Based on panel data from 21 greenhouse vegetable production provinces (or regions) from 2011 to 2016, the slack based measure (SBM) model and the Malmquist productivity index were used to measure the environmental efficiency of vegetable production in the main producing areas and decomposed the efficiency values. On this basis, an environmental efficiency productivity matrix was constructed to evaluate the potential of regional low carbon development. There were differences in the environmental efficiency of the main vegetable producing areas, and the overall trend was an inverted U shape of rising first and then falling. The environmental efficiency loss of greenhouse vegetable production was mainly due to redundant inputs such as seeds, mechanical drainage and irrigation, as well as excessive carbon emissions. In vegetable production, technological "regression" was the main cause of the decline in environmental total factor productivity. The improvement of technological efficiency had promoted the growth of environmental total factor productivity, but it had not been able to offset the negative effects brought about by the "deterioration" of technological progress. The speed of low carbon transformation of vegetable greenhouses in the first and second major production areas had slowed down, and the development of low carbonization in other production areas is in a slump. Therefore, it is important to focus on innovation in low carbon production technologies, strengthen technology promotion, and enhance synergy between technological progress and technological efficiency. This is crucial for accelerating the development of a resource saving and environmentally friendly agriculture. |
| Key words: greenhouse vegetable environmental efficiency environmental total factor productivity efficiency decomposition carbon footprint |
