| 摘要: |
| ［目的］系统分析东北三省水稻生长季内极端降水天气的时空变化特征。［方法］以东北三省为研究区，利用1961—2014年黑龙江省、吉林省和辽宁省66个气象站点逐日降水资料，选取年无降雨日数、生长季无降雨日数等7个极端降水指标，运用线性趋势分析方法和GIS空间表达方法，分析了水稻生长季内极端降水天气的时空变化特征。［结果］东北三省年无降雨日数、生长季内无降雨日数、生长季最长连续无雨日数和生长季连续无雨日数超过10d出现次数均表现明显的增加趋势； 大雨和暴雨主要出现在水稻的拔节—孕穗—抽穗—乳熟期； 生长季最长连续无雨日数发生在水稻播种—三叶—移栽—返青期和乳熟—成熟期的比例最高； 生长季最长连续无雨日数以6~18d出现次数最多； 生长季内无降雨日数（GPTDD）和生长季最长连续无雨日数（GPCDD）在空间上总体均呈从东南向西北递减的趋势； 生长季连续无雨日数超过10d出现次数（TCDD>10）表现为从西向东递减的趋势； 黑龙江省的中部地区和吉林省的东南部地区大雨发生频率增加，无降雨日数比例表现为明显上升趋势。［结论］明确东北三省水稻生长季极端降水事件的发生时段和范围，为极端灾害的防抗避减提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 极端降水水稻生长季发生频率东北三省 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X43； S513； S162 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划“气候变化对水稻生产的影响特征及未来情景分析”（2017YFD0300101）； 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金课题“东北三省作物生长季极端天气气候特征分析”（1610132016059）； 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“气候变化背景下我国旱涝格局时空演变研究”（CAAS IARRP 2014 24） |
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| ANALYSIS OF EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS IN RICE GROWING PERIOD IN THREE PROVINCES OF NORTHEAST CHINA FROM 1961 TO 2014 |
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Wang Xiulan1，Wang Xiufen2※，Liu Yang2
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1.Shanxi Institute of Technology，Yangquan，Shanxi 045000, China；2. Institute of Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| This research aims to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of extreme precipitation indices within rice growth period in three provinces of Northeast China. Based on the daily precipitation data of 66 observational stations in Heilongjiang province, Jilin province and Liaoning province during 1961-2014, we selected TOTDD, CDD, GPTDD, GPCDD, TCDD>10, GPRr25 and GPRr50, which were more closely with the crop growth, and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of extreme precipitation indices within rice growth period by using the linear trend analysis method and GIS spatial expression method. The main conclusions were listed as follows. In 1961-2014, TOTDD, GPTDD, GPCDD and TCDD>10 were all showed increasing trends, GPRr25 and GPRr50 mainly occurred in the Tilling stage, Jointing stage, Booting stage and Milky stage of rice in three provinces of Northeast China. GPCDD occurred in the sowing stage, three leaf stage, transplanting stage, returning green stage, Milky stage and mature stage. GPCDD occurred most frequently in 6~18 days; the spatial changing trend of GPTDD and GPCDD decreased from southeast to northwest. TCDD>10 showed a decreasing trend from west to east; the occurrence frequency of GPRr25 increased in the central region of Heilongjiang province and southeastern region of Jilin province. And the proportion of no rain days in growth period showed a significant upward trend. This study is important for clearing the changing situation of extreme precipitation in three provinces of Northeast China, which is helpful for the disaster defense of extreme precipitation. |
| Key words: extreme precipitation rice the growth period occurrence frequency three provinces of Northeast China |
