| 摘要: |
| ［目的］探索贫困民族地区农户的最优生计策略，并明确影响农户最优生计策略选择的因素，为提高贫困民族地区农户的脱贫致富能力提供决策参考。［方法］文章以地处甘肃藏区的夏河县为例，运用农户调查数据，在对不同生计策略类型农户生计活动及其结果对比分析的基础上，确定农户的最优生计策略，并采用二元Logistic回归模型对影响农户最优生计策略选择的因素进行探究。［结果］（1）缺失型农户的生计多样化指数最低，生计最为脆弱； 基本型农户的经济收入最低，生活最为贫困； 发展型生计策略农户无论是生计多样化指数，还是经济收入都显著高于基本型和缺失型，生活更为美好。（2）金融资本和社会资本是影响农户发展型生计策略选择的关键因素，且都具有显著正向影响。（3）农户普遍缺乏可流动的金融资本且金融观念落后； 社会资本非常有限，且同质性较强，当农户遭遇生计风险时能够寻求的外部帮助十分有限。［结论］发展型生计策略为该地区农户的最优生计策略，提高金融资本和社会资本是引导该地区农户形成发展型生计策略的关键。在研究的基础上，提出了提高金融资本和社会资本，以引导农户形成发展型生计策略，增强其脱贫致富能力的对策建议。 |
| 关键词: 贫困民族地区农户生计策略影响因素夏河 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F3278 |
| 基金项目:甘肃省科技计划项目“西北深度贫困民族地区农户生计脆弱性研究”（20CX4ZA078）;甘肃政法大学重大项目“深度贫困民族地区农户生计脆弱性研究”（GZF2018XZD04）;国家社科基金西部项目“西北少数民族国家认同问题研究”（18XKS025）； 国家民委民族研究一般项目“西北民族地区脱贫攻坚中的志智双扶研究”（2019 GMB 030）； 甘肃省社科一般项目“甘肃深度贫困地区扶贫同扶志扶智相结合研究”（19YB096） |
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| ANALYSIS ON THE CHOICE OF FARMERS′ LIVEHOOD STRATEGY IN POVERTY STRICKEN MINORITY AREAS IN CHINA*——A CASE STUDY IN XIAHE COUNTY OF GANNAN TIBETAN AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE |
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Guo Xiuli, Yang Binru
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Political Science and Law, Gansu University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study aims to explore the optimal livelihood strategy of farmers and identify the factors affecting the choice of farmers′ optimal livelihood strategy, and thus provide a scientific basis for decision making for improving the ability of farmers′ households in poor minority areas to get rid of poverty. In this study, we selected the Xiahe Tibetan County in Gansu province as study area. Based on the comparative analysis of livelihood activities and results of farmers of different types of livelihood strategies, we determined the optimal livelihood strategy of farmers. We further used the survey data of farmers and binary Logistic regression model to analyze the key factors that affected the choice of optimal livelihood strategy for farmers. The results were showed as follows. (1) The livelihood diversity index was the lowest and the livelihood was the most vulnerable for the deficient farmers. The basic peasant households had the lowest economic income and they were the poorest. Development livelihood strategy farmers′ livelihood diversification index and economic income were significantly higher than the basic and deficient farmers, and they led better lives. (2) Financial capital and social capital were the key factors which had significant positive effects on the development oriented livelihood strategies of farmers. (3) Farmers overall lack of mobile financial capital and they had little idea about the financial. Social capital was mainly manifested with high homogeneity, and thus when farmers encountered livelihood risks, they could only access to limited external help. We concluded that development livelihood strategy is the best livelihood strategy for farmers in this region, improvement of financial and social capital is very important to guide farmers in this region to form development livelihood strategy. Finally, we propose the policy recommendations to improve farmers′ financial capital and social capital to guide farmers to form development oriented livelihood strategies and enhance their ability to get rid of poverty. |
| Key words: poverty stricken minority areas farmers livelihoods strategy influencing factor Xiahe county |
