| 引用本文: | 杨明岐,赵春雷,张帅,余强毅,段玉林,董金玮,尚国琲,吴文斌.东北地区高标准农田利用现状分析[J].中国农业信息,2023,35(4):49-58 |
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| 东北地区高标准农田利用现状分析 |
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杨明岐1,4，赵春雷1，张帅2，余强毅1，段玉林1，董金玮3，尚国琲4，吴文斌1
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1.北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部农业遥感重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081;2.农业农村部农田建设管理司，北京 100125;3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101;4.河北地质大学，石家庄 050000
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 分析东北地区高标准农田粮食作物种植分布及空间变化情况，为高标准农田的监测监管提供依据。【方法】 文章选取中国东北地区为研究范围，利用卫星遥感影像提取2017—2021年水稻、玉米和大豆等主粮作物的空间分布，并将其与已建成的高标准农田项目空间数据以及一般耕地数据进行叠加分析，以对高标准农田和一般耕地上的主粮作物种植面积和占比进行分析对比。【结果】 2017—2021年东北地区高标准农田种植的主粮作物比例平均高出一般耕地约14%。高标准农田建设比例高、且主粮作物占比增加的地区主要分布在黑龙江东部及东北部、吉林西部；而高标准农田建设比例低、且主粮作物占比降低的县有23个，主要分布在山脉附近。【结论】 2017—2021年东北地区高标准农田主粮作物面积占比高于一般耕地，高标准农田在落实“良田粮用”政策和保障粮食供给方面成效显著。 |
| 关键词: 高标准农田 种植利用 遥感监测 粮食作物 |
| DOI：10.12105/j.issn.1672-0423.20230405 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划“高标准农田智慧监测监管与决策预警系统构建及应用示范”（2022YFB3903505）；现代农业产业技术体系北京市数字农业创新团队“数字大田应用场景建设”（BAIC10-2022-E06）；中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项“耕地系统天空地一体化智慧监管技术与应用”（Y2023PT05） |
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| Analysis of cultivation status of Well-facilitated farmland in Northeast China |
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Yang Mingqi1,4, Zhao Chunlei1, Zhang Shuai2, Yu Qiangyi1, Duan Yulin1, Dong Jinwei3, Shang Guobei4, Wu Wenbin1
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1.State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China;2.Department of Farmland Enhancement，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Beijing 100125，China;3.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100101，China;4.Hebei GEO University，Shijiazhuang 050000，Hebei，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Purpose】 This research focus on monitoring the spatial distribution and changes of main grain crops in Well-facilitated farmland by remote sensing，in order to establish a data foundation for better monitoring and utilization of Well-facilitated farmland.【Methods】 We selected the northeastern region of China for study，utilizing satellite remote sensing images to extract the spatial distribution of staple crops like rice，corn，and soybeans from 2017—2021. Overlaying this with the spatial data of established Well-facilitated farmland projects and general arable land allowed for comparative analysis.【Results】 The results revealed that the proportion of grain crop cultivation area in Well-facilitated farmland was approximately 14% higher than that in general farmland. Regions with a higher proportion of Well-facilitated farmland and an increased proportion of grain crop cultivation area were mainly situated in the eastern and northeastern parts of Heilongjiang，and the western part of Jilin. In contrust，there were 23 counties with a lower proportion of Well-facilitated farmland and a decreased proportion of grain crop cultivation area，primarily located near mountain ranges.【Conclusion】 Results from 2017—2021 show the proportion of grain crops in Well-facilitated farmland in the northeastern region is 14% higher than in general farmland，indicating significant effectiveness of Well-facilitated farmland in implementing the"prime farmland for grain production"policy and ensuring food security. |
| Key words: Well-facilitated farmland planting and utilization remote sensing monitoring food crop |
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