基于村民参与的风景名胜区经营模式研究 ———以长江三峡风景名胜区为例

RESEARCH ON THE BUSINESS MODEL OF SCENIC AREA UNDER THE PARTICIPATION OF RESIDENTS ———A CASE STUDY OF THREE GORGES SCENIC AREA OF YANGTZE RIVER

关键词:  村民参与 风景名胜区 经营模式 特许经营

Key words:  resident participation  scenic area  business model  franchise system

摘要:

近年来随着旅游市场的升温，风景名胜区的旅游业成为一些地方发展的重要经济来源。该文以长 江三峡风景名胜区为例，从经济发展需求和景区经营模式的现状出发，分析比较了不同模式中村民参与的 特点和弊端，指出只有尊重村民权益、加强村民参与的激励与引导、丰富参与内容才能实现风景区旅游经 营和村民参与的可持续发展。文章建议以特许经营的形式赋予村民平等参与经营的权利，通过加强政府、 企业责任及引入第三方等制度建设来保障参与过程，建立联合经营、入股经营、村民主导等多元化参与模 式，并依据地方特色推进经营内容的多样性。

Abstract:

With the warming of the tourism market in recent years， tourism in the scenic area has become an im- portant source of local economic development. Taking Yangtze River Three Gorges scenic area as an example， this paper compared and analyzed the features and drawbacks of the villagers' participation in the three business models based on the demands of the tourism economic development and the situation of business. It pointed out that only through respecting the rights of the villagers， strengthening the incentive and guidance and enriching the content of participation. it would achieve sustainable development of the scenic area and the villagers. Then the paper pro- posed that giving villagers the equal right of participation by the establishment of the franchise system， protecting the process of participation by strengthening the responsibility of the corporate and introducing the third-party force， establishing the diverse participation model such as joint business， joint-stock business and independent business and promoting the diversity of business content according to local characteristics.