乡村治理视角下的农村土地综合整治研究

COMPREHENSIVE IMPROVEMENT OF THE RURAL LAND WITHIN THE VIEW OF RURAL GOVERNANCE

关键词:  农村土地综合整治 乡村治理 乡村关系

Key words:  comprehensive improvement of the rural land  rural governance  rural relations

摘要:

乡镇政府、村委、普通村民在农村土地综合整治过程中面临决策互动、利益纠纷。根据农村土地 综合整治中政府的作用，将农村土地综合整治分为政府强制型土地整治、政府主导型土地整治、市场介入 型土地整治三种类型。选取周口平坟、崖口村围垦—土地转让、成都建设用地票交易作为实证材料，运用 乡村治理的相关理论进行分析，用全新的视角去审视农村土地综合整治，从根源上看清土地整治的现状。 发现区位在某种程度上能影响土地整治类型。地方政府在土地问题中的行事与乡村关系有很大的关联，制 度创新在某种程度上可以改变传统的乡村关系。因为市场介入土地整治在农村变得更有活力。同时进一步 探讨了引起制度创新的原因:农村土地综合整治若政府强制交易，交易成本巨大。引入市场后，交易顺畅， 城镇化速度加快。国家政策给予试点的机会是出于对粮食主产区和中西部区域的政策倾斜。

Abstract:

The township government， village committee and ordinary villagers have faced interacted decision- making and dispute interest in the process of the comprehensive improvement of rural land. According to the gov- ernment's role in rural governance， the comprehensive improvement of the rural land could be divided into three types， i.e.， the government-mandatory， government-oriented， and market intervention. Taking the land trans- fer and construction land ticket trade in Pingfen in Zhoukou and Yakou village as examples， this paper deeply ana- lyzed the comprehensive improvement of the rural land using the theory of rural governance. The results showed that the location can affect the land improvement types. The relationship between local government and villages played an important role in land problems. Systems innovation can change the traditional rural relations to a certain extent. The causes of system innovation were discussed， i.e.， if the government forced to trade in the comprehensive im- provement of the rural land， trade cost was huge. After introducing the market， the trade was flow and the urbani- zation speeded up. The national policy to give the pilot opportunity was due to the policy support for the major grain producing areas and the Midwest regions.