贵州省农村宅基地退出的障碍因素调研与对策建议

RESEARCH ON DILEMMAS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF RURAL RESIDENTIAL LAND EXIT IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE

关键词:  农村宅基地 退出障碍 对策 贵州省

Key words:  rural residential land  exit dilemmas  countermeasures  Guizhou province

摘要:

农村宅基地退出，是盘活农村存量建设用地、集约节约用地、有效缓解工业化和城镇化进程中土 地供需矛盾、破解耕地占补平衡难题的重要手段之一。该研究通过农村宅基地退出障碍因素分析，为相关 部门制定、改革和完善相关土地制度，探索建立农村宅基地退出机制，解决农村宅基地使用过程中存在问 题和优化农村宅基地退出实践提供相关的理论参考与政策建议。研究方法上采用实地调查法，问卷调查 法，拟对农村宅基地退出实践中的困难及障碍进行探讨。研究结果:贵州省农村宅基地存在布局散乱、占 地面积超标、“一户多宅”、闲置量日趋增多的利用现状，可退出宅基地数量较多、面积较大。但实际实施 中由于缺乏农村宅基地退出政策依据、宅基地确权滞后、相关部门沟通协调不畅、资金来源有限及退出农 户未参与复垦节余指标收益分配等问题存在，极大阻碍了宅基地的有效退出。研究结论:为进一步推进农 村宅基地退出，建议政府出台宅基地退出相关政策措施，建立和完善宅基地退出机制，加快宅基地确权登 记工作以明晰宅基地权属，建立相关部门沟通协调机制，并加大资金扶持力度，拓展融资渠道，保障退出 农户权益，让农户分享退出后复垦宅基地面积节余指标收益分配。

Abstract:

Rural residential land exit is one of the important means of invigorating the stock of rural collective con- struction land， economically and intensively using land， easing the contradiction between supply and demand of land effectively in the process of industrialization and urbanization， and cracking the problems of requisition-com- pensation balance of cultivated land. The purpose of this study was to analyze the dilemmas factors in the process of rural residential land exit， and provide relevant theoretical reference and policy recommendations for the relevant administrative departments， to improve the relevant land system， establish the rural residential land exit mecha- nism， solve the problems in the use process of the rural residential land， and optimize the practical of rural residen- tial land exit. The main research methods， field survey and questionnaire survey， were used to discuss the difficul- ties and obstacles in the practical process of rural residential land exit. The results of this study showed that the lay- out of rural residential land was scatter， rural residential land covered an excessive area， the amount of idled rural residential land increased in Guizhou province. The potential quantities of rural residential land were large. But in the practical， the effective rural residential land exit was hindered greatly owing to lack of rural residential land pol- icy support， confirmation of residential land right lagged， poor communication and coordination in the cooperation of relevant departments， limited financial resources in the actual practice， and farmers who exit their residential land that can't share the profit distribution in energy. This paper concluded that in order to further promote the rural residential land exit practice， the government needed to introduce relevant rural residential land exit policies and measures， establish and improve the rural residential land exit mechanism， accelerate the ownership and registra- tion of residential land in order to clear the homestead ownership， establish communication and coordination mecha- nism in the relevant administrative departments， and increase financial support， expand financing channels， protect the interests of farmers who exit their residential land， allow farmers to share the profit distribution in energy saving index of rehabilitation after exiting their residential land and so on .