基于DEA模型的山东省耕地投入产出效率研究

RESEARCH ON INPUT OUTPUT EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATED LAND IN SHANDONG PROVINCE BASED ON DEA

关键词:  耕地投入 DEA 产出效率 规模效率 技术效率 山东省

Key words:  cultivated land input  DEA  output efficiency  scale efficiency  technical efficiency  Shandong province

摘要:

山东省是我国重要的粮食生产基地，耕地的投入产出效率是关系到耕地利用效率的一个重要指标。文章采用山东省2000～2010年17个市的面板数据，构建山东省投入产出指标体系，并对投入产出指标进行时间序列分析，得出11年间山东省各市投入产出指标的变化趋势，在此基础上选取数据包络分析（DEA）模型，对山东省17市耕地资源利用的综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率进行测算。结果显示，山东省各市耕地总产量及农业总产值指标呈增长趋势，农业播种面积17个城市在11年间增减各半，农业机械总动力17个城市在11年间呈显著增长趋势，劳动力投入17个城市中有14个城市在研究期间下降明显。通过基础性DEA模型分析，结果显示山东省整体耕地综合效率比较理想， 11年来耕地产出效率的提高很大程度依赖于纯技术效率，而制约因素主要为规模效率因素。

Abstract:

Cultivated land recourses was the most important natural resources，which was the basic guarantee of food security Shandong province was one of China's most important bases of commodity grain production In 2010，the arable land in Shandong was 7， 510， 761 hectares which accounting for 64.95%of agricultural land and 47.8%of the land area.The total output of Shandong in 2010 was 43.53 million tons of grain，accounting for 7.97%of total output in China.Firstly，this paper constructed the input and output index system with the input and output of cultivated land in Shandong province combined with availability of data and the actual situation.This index system divided into inputs，outputs two levels.The output index selected economic efficiency and the social efficiency.The economic efficiency index included the output value of planting industry which reflected the scale of planting in study area，and value added of farming which expressed operation activity and service achievement.The social efficiency index reflected by the grain output which mainly considerate that the social benefits of the arable land was mainly to maintain social stability，and ensure food security.For investment-type indicators selected agricultural production inputs，labor inputs and land inputs,Secondly，this paper analyzed the change trend of the data of Shan Dong province‘s 17 municipalities during 2001~2010.Thirdly，the paper calculated the cultivated land use efficiency by the DEA model using the data of Shan Dong province in 11 years.Besides，it had investigated the influences of the scale and pure technical factor on cultivated land use efficiency in different areas.The result showed that the output indexes including the total agricultural output value and the grain output all presented general increasing trend.According to the input indexes，from 2000 to 2010， 8 municipalities’ crop sown area decreased while 9 of them increased； All the regions have improved their agricultural machinery power input； The labor force input of one municipality basic lly kept unchanged while 14 of them decreased and the last one increased.The cultivated land efficiency in Shan Dong province was relatively satisfying，from 2000 to 2010 and the increasing was greatly dependent on the improvement of the pure technical Efficiency.The results showed that the change of the cultivated land utilization efficiency in Shandong province was mainly caused by the technical efficiency.Two conclusions were mainly based on trends in overall efficiency and the results were basically the same scale efficiency.Pure technical efficiency of resource use was generally higher than arable scale efficiency.For now what restricts its further increase was the scale factor.