| 摘要: |
| 奶牛粪便富含植物营养物质，制作粪肥还田对提高土壤养分、改善土壤质量、提高作物产量以及解决牛场环境污染均具有重要的意义。文章设计了空白（CK）、习惯施肥（NPK）和不同粪肥量M30、M60、M120、M240处理，开展不同施肥模式对小麦玉米产量、土壤肥力及硝态氮残留等方面的研究。研究结果表明，连续施用两年粪肥后，粪肥施用量较高的M120、M240处理小麦玉米籽粒产量、秸秆产量、土壤全氮和速效钾含量均高于NPK处理； 施用粪肥均提高土壤有机质和速效磷的含量。施用粪肥与常规施肥相比，在0～200cm的土壤剖面上NO-3-N分布特征完全不同，施用粪肥各处理土壤NO-3-N除在耕层含量较高外，耕层以下含量均较低，且差异较小。0～200cm土壤剖面NO-3-N累积量随着粪肥的增加而增加， 6月份0～200cm粪肥各处理NO-3-N累积量均低于NPK处理， 10月份NO-3-N累积量M240处理高于NPK处理，表现出过量施用粪肥造成NO-3-N大量累积。 |
| 关键词: 粪肥 安全利用 环境负荷 土壤剖面 NO3-—N |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20160710 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| A STUDY ON THE COW MANURE ASSIMILATING CAPACITY OF WHEAT-CORN ROTATION IN NORTH CHINA PLAIN |
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Li Guichun1, Wang Liwei2, Lu Linlin3, Yang Xiaomei2, He Cuicui2, Yin Changbin2
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1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China;3.China Wildlife Conservation Association， Beijing 100714，China
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| Abstract: |
| Because of the rich nutrients, application of cow manure on soil is of great significance in improving soil nutrients and soil quality, increasing crop yield as well as solving the environmental pollution problem on the farm. This paper designeddifferent fertilization treatments, i.e., CK, NPK, M30, M60, M120 and M240 to study the yield, soil fertility and nitrate surplus. The results showed that after applying cow manure for two consecutive years, the M120, M240 treatments had greater effectson improving the corn and wheat kernel, as well as increasing the straw yield, soil total nitrogen content and available phosphorous content compared with NPK treatment, which indicated that applying manure can improve the content of soil organic matter and available phosphorous. Compared with NPK treatment, the distribution feature of nitrate nitrogen in the depth of 0-200cm soil profile was different in manure application treatments. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the arable layer was higher and lower under the arable layers. The nitrate nitrogen accumulated with the increasing amount of manure application in the soil depth of 0-200cm. In June, the soil depth of 0-200cm nitrate nitrogen accumulationin manure treatment was lower than that in NPK treatment. In October, the nitrate nitrogen accumulation in M240 treatment was higher than that in NPK, which showed that excessive manure application would lead to nitrate nitrogen accumulation. |
| Key words: manure safe application environmental load soil profile nitrate nitrogen |
