北方半干旱区氮肥不同配施方式对小南瓜产量的影响

EFFECTS OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZER WITH MANURE ON PUMPKIN YIELD IN NORTHERN SEMI-ARID REGION

关键词:  小南瓜 产量 灌溉 灌溉施肥 氮添加量

Key words:  pumpkin  yield  irrigation  fertigation  nitrogen application

摘要:

小南瓜是北方半干旱区增加经济产值的适生作物之一。研究选用日本赤甘栗品种，采用田间小区试验，研究了在两种灌溉方式（灌溉、灌溉施肥）和四个牛粪氮添加水平（25、50、75、100 kg N/hm2）处理下氮肥不同配施方式对小南瓜产量的影响。结果表明，在小南瓜生长前期，滴灌施肥方式可有效促进叶绿素的积累及叶片的复壮，有利于植株生长。单施有机肥组，随着牛粪氮添加水平的增加小南瓜产量未见明显增加，平均产量为10 t/hm2； 有机肥结合灌溉施肥组，随着牛粪氮添加水平的增加小南瓜产量显著增加，最高达到21.5 t/hm2。当总氮添加量为100～140 kg/hm2，有机无机肥配比为3:7~5:5时，小南瓜产量比单施牛粪肥增产60%，平均达到16 t/hm2。

Abstract:

Pumpkin is one of suitable crops for increasing economic output in northern semi-arid region. Taking the pumpkin variety, "Red Sweet Chestnut", as an example, through two irrigation treatments (irrigation and fertigation), and four of cow dung application level treatments (25, 50, 75, and 100 kg nitrogen/ hm2, this paper evaluated the effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer with manure on pumpkin yield. The results showed that fertigation treatment can effectively promote the growth of the main stem and leaf color index. The yield in treatment irrigation was approximately 10t/ hm2 when the nitrogen application level ranged from 33 to 131kg/ hm2.For the organic fertilizer combined with fertigation treatment, the increase of cow dung level of nitrogen significantly increased small pumpkin production, the highest yield reached 21.5 t/hm2.When the total nitrogen input was 100-140 kg/hm2 and the organic and inorganic fertilizer ratio was 3∶7 ~ 5∶5, the small pumpkin yield increased by 60% with an average of 16 t/hm2, compared with organic treatment.