粮食主产区县域城镇化与农村协调发展的时空格局研究——以河南省108个县（县级市）为例

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COUNTY URBANIZATION AND RURAL COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT IN THE MAIN GRAIN PRODUCING AREAS——TAKING 108 COUNTIES IN HENAN PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  粮食主产区 城镇化 农村发展 熵值法 协调发展度 空间自相关

Key words:  the main grain producing areas  urbanization  rural development  entropy  coordinated development degree  spatial autocorrelation

摘要:

粮食主产区的城镇化与农村协调发展对区域的可持续发展具有重要的意义。着力构建县域城镇化与农村发展综合评价指标体系，以县域作为研究单元分别对城镇化水平与农村发展水平进行综合评价，对选取的各时间截面的县域城镇化水平和农村发展水平的协调发展度进行计算分析。运用探索性空间数据分析法（ESDA），对河南省县域城镇化水平、农村发展水平以及二者的协调发展度分别进行时空格局分析。结果表明： 2009~2013年河南省县域城镇化水平、农村发展水平及其协调发展度在空间上表现出明显的空间集聚特征； 县域城镇化呈现出东北部较高而西北与中东部较低的特征，县域农村发展水平在空间上的集聚态势逐渐降低，二者的协调发展度总体来看，高—高集聚型的县域集中在中北部的一些地级市，低—低集聚型县域个数逐渐减少，并且分布趋于分散； 对县域城镇化与协调发展度进行相关分析，发现二者具有明显的正相关关系，而农村发展与协调发展度之间相关性不明显。最后，根据分析结论，提出了适合各地城镇化与农村发展的建议与对策。

Abstract:

The coordinated development in urban and rural areas is of great significance for the sustainable development in the main grain producing areas. This paper constructed the comprehensive evaluation index system of county urbanization and rural development, comprehensively evaluated the level of urbanization and rural development, and calculated the coordinated development degree between the urban and rural development level. Using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), it analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of the urbanization and rural development. The results showed that: the county urbanization and the rural development level showed obvious spatial clustering characteristics in Henan province during 2009-2013; the county urbanization level was higher in the northeast and was lower in the northwest and middle east.The high-high concentration counties of the coordination development degree were in the center-north, and the low-low concentration counties decreased gradually and tended to disperse. The positive correlation between the county urbanization level and coordinated development degree was obvious. Finally, it put forward the suggestions and countermeasures for the urban and rural development, for example, it should actively coordinate urban and rural economic and social integration development, accelerate the reform of household registration system, and establish the integration of urban and rural employment system and social security system. Especially, for the main grain producing areas, it should adhere to the development strategy to promote the coordinated development of urbanization, agricultural modernization and industrialization. For the northeastern region of Henan province, it should further promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and promote the cultivation and development of emerging industries and products; For the area of northwest and middle east, it should actively develop modern agriculture to accelerate the reform of the land transfer system, vigorously develop the service industry, and accelerate the effective transfer of rural surplus labor force.