广东省城镇化进程中失地农民收入问题研究——基于广东省佛山、韶关等6市的调研

INVESTIGATION OF THE INCOME IN LANDLESS FARMERS IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE IN THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION

关键词:  广东省 城镇化 失地农民 就业 整地补偿

Key words:  Guangdong province  urbanization land  lost farmers  employment  land compensation

摘要:

在城市化快速发展中，大量农村土地被转化为国有土地，这对农民收入方式与来源造成较大影响。文章在对广东省主要农业县失地农民收入的调查研究基础，利用文献与系统分析法，对广东省失地农民失地前后收入来源与收入额度进行分析，结果表明：失地前农民收入主要以农业经营收入为主，而失地后农民收入来源主要通过就业、土地补偿及社会保障等。从总收入额度来看，失地后农民年总收入额较失地前有了一定提升，但由于受到消费成本增加、进城务工难度大等原因，这种收入存在暂时性与不稳定性。综合分析表明，导致失地农民收入不能增长的主要原因有：农民补偿利益受损、就业受阻、社会保障水平低及就业政策得不到落实等。因此，未来需要通过增加失地补偿、扩展多形式的财产性收入、提高社会保障性收入等方面来促进城镇化进程中失地农民收入的快速稳定增长，以保证他们生活可持续。

Abstract:

With the rapid development of urbanization, a large number of rural land has been transformed into state owned land, which has a great impact on the income of the farmers. In this study, on the basis of researching the farmers′ income in major agricultural county land in Guangdong province, the methods of literature and systematic analysis were adopted to analyze the source of income and the amount of revenue of the peasants before and after the land were lost. The results showed that before the land loss, the main income source was from the agriculture,which included the employment compensation, land compensation and the social security. The amount of the farmers′gross income upgraded but the income was temporary and unstabledue to the increase of the consumption cost, the difficulty of migrant workers and other reasons. The comprehensive analysis showed that the main reasons that led to the decreaseof the farmers′ income were as follows, such as the loss of farmers′ compensation benefit, difficult employment, low level of social security, and no implementation of employment policy. Therefore, the countermeasuresfor increasing the income of the landless farmers and ensuring their sustainable living were put forward,such as increasing compensation to farmers, expanding property income, improving social security level.