供给侧改革背景下加快新疆农业提质增效的思考

IMPROVEMENT OF XINJIANG′S AGRICULTURE QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY UNDER SUPPLY-SIDE REFORM

关键词:  新疆维吾尔自治区 产业结构调整 供给侧改革 提质增效 外向型农业

Key words:  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  adjustment of industrial structure  supply-side reform  improving quality and efficiency  export-oriented modern agriculture

摘要:

应对现阶段国内农产品市场供需关系结构性错位、产业结构不合理、区域结构失衡等诸多问题，通过去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板等手段，加快推进供给侧结构性改革，改善供给侧环境，优化供给侧机制，推进产业提质增效，对扩大有效供给，激发经济主体活力，增强经济长远发展动力具有重要意义。农业产业结构优化升级是农业发展的重要组成部分，是长期、动态的过程，也是当前农业供给侧改革的核心内容。新疆位于中国西部，是丝绸之路经济带重要节点和门户，地缘区位优势明显，资源丰富。农业是新疆的基础和支撑产业，在经济社会发展中占有重要地位。近年来农业农村经济保持了良好的发展势头，棉花、粮食、特色经济作物等产业发展迅速，农业产业结构呈现出多样化发展的态势。但也应看到，面对当前国内外农产品市场联动日益加深、需求转型升级，新疆的农业发展与农业结构也暴露出诸多新的问题，面临着许多新的挑战。［方法］文章系统分析新疆农业发展的背景，总结规律特征，指出存在的问题和不足，从供给端探索新疆农业提质增效的途径和手段，提出总体思路和合理化建议。［结果］总结新疆发展现代农业的经验和办法，提出加快产业化升级的思路，对促进新疆现代农业转型升级，提质增效意义重大。［结论］紧抓“一带一路”建设和“加快推进供给侧改革”的重要机遇期，发挥资源和区位优势，加快推进新疆外向型现代农业转型升级，促进农业和经济社会稳步发展。

Abstract:

Xinjiang, located in western China, is an important node and portal of Silk Road economic zone. Agriculture is the foundation and supporting industry of Xinjiang and achieves a good momentum of development in recent years, especially cotton, grain, special economic crops. Agricultural industrial structure presents a diversified development trend. However, under the background of transformation and upgrading in domestic and foreign agricultural markets demand, Xinjiang′s agricultural development and agricultural structure faced many new problems. This paper analyzed the background of Xinjiang′s agricultural development, pointed out the problems and shortcomings, and explored the way to promote Xinjiang′s agricultural quality and efficiency from supply side. The results showed that the problems included irrational industrial structure and imbalance eof supply and demand in domestic market. And then it put forward some suggestions including speeding up the supply-side structural reform, improving the supply-side environment, optimizing the supply-side mechanism, improving the industry′s quality and efficiency, and stimulating economic activity to enhance the long-term economic development. It concluded that the optimization and upgrading of agricultural structure, as the core content of agricultural supply-side reform, was an important part of agricultural development.