新时期加大农村土地流转力度的思考

THOUGHTS ON INCREASING THE CIRCULATION OF RURAL LAND IN THE NEW PERIOD

关键词:  农村土地流转 土地流转模式 土地流转面积 土地流转措施 土地经营

Key words:  rural land circulation  land circulation pattern  land circulation area  land transfer measures  land management

摘要:

［目的］在系统阐述我国土地流转现状的基础上探索新形势下加大土地流转力度的新思路，以期为新形势下的农村土地流转提供理论参考。［方法］文章运用文献研究法和调查法，对我国目前土地流转的模式、面积、速度等进行调查和分析，总结目前的发展趋势，寻求新形势下加快农村土地流转的措施。［结果］2007~2014年，我国农村土地流转面积在稳步上升中，从2007的0.042亿hm2增长到了2014的0.269亿hm2，翻了6倍多。2007 年约为424.8万hm2，仅占家庭承包耕地总面积的5.2%。截止2014年底，全国家庭承包耕地流转面积达到2 686.7万hm2，比2013年底增长18.3%； 流转面积占家庭承包经营耕地面积的30.4%，比2013年提高4.7个百分点。2007~2010年，农村土地流转面积年际变化逐年减小，从2007~2008年的0.031亿hm2减少到2009~2010年的0.025亿hm2； 2011~2014年，农村土地流转面积年际变化呈现为逐年增加的趋势，从2010~2011年的0.027亿hm2增加到2013~2014年的0.042亿hm2。2007~2010年，农村土地流转面积年际增幅呈现逐渐下降的趋势，从73.8%急速下降到25%； 从2010年开始，农村土地流转面积年际增幅趋于稳定，保持在21%左右，上下浮动不大。［结论］农村土地流转速度和进程逐渐加快，规模越来越大，流转形式多样化并存协调发展。国内土地流转面积表现出渐趋增加的态势，年际增幅趋于稳定，规模运营表现出攀升趋势。由于国家政策，市场经济的发展，农村形势的改善等原因，我国的土地流转进程进一步得到推动和加快。

Abstract:

Based on the comprehensive analysis of the present situation of land circulation in China, this paper explored the new ideas increasing the flow of land under the new situation, and tried to provide a theoretical reference for the rural land circulation. Using the literature research method and the investigation method, it analyzed the current mode, area and speed of land circulation in China, summarized the current development trend, and put forward the measures to speed up the rural land circulation under the new situation. The results showed that during the eight years from 2007 to 2014, the area of rural land circulation in China increased 6 times from 0.042 billion ha to 266.9 billion ha in 2014. In 2007, it was about 4.248 million ha, accounting for only 5.2% of the total cultivated land area. As of the end of 2014, the national contracted arable land circulation area reached 26.867 million ha, with an increase of 18.3% over the end of 2013. From 2007 to 2010, the inter-annual variation of rural land transfer area decreased from 0.031 billion ha in 2007 ~ 2008 to 0.025 billion ha in 2009 ~ 2010. From 2011 to 2014, the inter-annual variability of land transfer area was increased from 0.027 billion to 0.042 billion ha. After 2010, the inter-annual growth tended to be stable, with around 21%. It concluded that the speed and process of rural land circulation were gradually increasing, the scale was getting bigger and bigger, and the diversification of circulation forms showed a coordinated development. The domestic land transfer area showed a growing trend and tended to be stable. Due to the national policy, the development of the market economy, and the improvement of the rural situation and other reasons, China′s land transfer had got further promotion.