供给侧结构性改革推进四川省玉米产业转型发展策略

THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF SICHUAN CORN INDUSTRY IN THE PROCESS OF STRUCTURAL REFORM OF SUPPLY SIDE

关键词:  供给侧 结构性改革 四川玉米产业 供需特点 发展策略

Key words:  the supply side  the structural reform  Sichuan corn industry  supply and demand characteristics  development strategy

摘要:

［目的］随着中国粮食产量的“十二连增”，国内农业生产的主要矛盾也逐步由总量不足转向结构性矛盾，其中玉米产业面临的矛盾尤为突出，玉米产业结构调整是我国农业供给侧结构性改革推进中的首要任务。四川既是全国玉米生产的重要省份，也是玉米消费大省，如何推进玉米产业供给侧结构性改革、实现产业转型发展还有待于思考。［方法］文章从供需平衡、供给结构、供给效益和供给效率4个角度分析了四川玉米产业供给侧的特征，同时从要素供给、社会化服务和产业链3个方面分析了影响四川玉米产业发展的制约因素。［结果］四川玉米消费结构呈现多元变化，从口粮消费为主转变为以饲料、工业加工消费为主； 草食畜牧业发展迅速，饲用作物需求量增大； 农业科技支撑力度明显，玉米育种成就突出。［结论］提出从优化品种结构、推行种养循环、培育新型经营主体、拓展产业链等方面推进四川玉米产业的转型升级。

Abstract:

With the twelve continuous increase of grain production in China,the contradiction of agricultural production in China has gradually shifted from the total amount shortage to structural contradiction, especially the corn industry.The adjustment of corn industrial structure was the primary task in the structural reform of China′s agricultural supply side. Sichuan is not only an important province of corn production in China, but also a major province of corn consumption, how to promote the structural reform of the supply side of the corn industry and achieve industrial restructuring and development needs to be considered. This paper analyzed the characteristics of supply side of Sichuan corn industry from four aspects of supply and demand balance, supply structure,supply efficiency and supply efficiency, pointed out the factors restricting the development of Sichuan corn industry from three aspects: factor supply, social service, and industrial chain.The results showed that Sichuan corn diversified consumption structure changed from food consumption into feed industrial processing consumption, animal husbandry developed rapidly, forage crop demand increased largely, and corn breeding had outstanding achievements in the support of agricultural science and technology. Finally, it proposed to promote the transformation and upgrading of Sichuan corn industry from the aspects of optimizing the structure of varieties, carrying out the breeding cycle, cultivating new business entities, expanding the industrial chain, and so on.