朴门永续农业在城市生态住区的发展策略与途径研究

RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AND WAY OF PERMACULTURE IN ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY

关键词:  朴门永续农业 生态住区 发展策略 设计途径 物种选择

Key words:  permaculture  ecological community  development strategy  design approach  species selection

摘要:

［目的］城市扩张带来的全球环境危机和人们对健康生活方式的期望，引发了人们对城市可持续性发展战略的思考。朴门永续农业将食物生产系统重新引入城市空间，以期为生态住区建设和可持续城市发展提供一定的理论支撑和设计指引。［方法］基于文献和相关案例研究，从设计理论和实践方法两个方向探索了朴门永续农业在城市住区环境中的整合模式与方法。［结果］朴门永续农业在可持续发展、绿色基础设施、宜居社区、城市与社区建设4个维度均能产生积极作用； 朴门永续农业在城市生态住区的构建必须明确相应的设计策略、设计目标和原则，并从分区规划、空间设计和物种选择3个方面重点阐述朴门永续农业在城市生态住区的设计内容和方法； 在城市住区可以从节点型景观层、组团级景观层以及中心景观层3个层面渐进式地展开整合设计。［结论］基于朴门永续理念的城市生态住区建设可使住区环境成为一个具有复合生态效益，宜居又可持续的环境系统，并为生态城市建设提供了新的思路。

Abstract:

The global environment crisis caused by Urban expansion and a healthy lifestyle expected by the people caused the public to think about the strategies of sustainability in urban development. Permaculture introduced the food production system to the urban space, which will provide certain theoretical support and design guidelines of ecological community construction and sustainable urban development in the future. Based on the literature and case study, this paper explored the consolidation pattern and methods of permaculture in urban residential environment by two directions of design theory and practice method. The results showed that firstly, permaculture played a positive role in the four dimensions of sustainable development, i.e., green infrastructure, livable communities and urban and community construction. Secondly, the corresponding design strategies, design objectives and principles needed be clearly defined before integration design, and the design contents and methods of permaculture in urban ecological residential areas should be discussed in three aspects, namely, zoning planning, space design and species selection. Thirdly, the integration design can be gradually carried out from three aspects of node type, landscape layer, group level landscape layer and central landscape layer. The construction of ecological community based on the concept of permaculture will make the residential environment become a compound ecological, livable and sustainable environment system, and it can also provide a new way for the ecological urban development.