农地流转对农户生计转型影响的实证分析

THE EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECTS OF THE FARMLAND TRANSFER ON HOUSEHOLDS′ LIVELIHOOD TRANSFORMATION

关键词:  农户农地流转 生计资本 生计策略 实证分析

Key words:  household  farmland transfer  livelihood capital  livelihood activities  empirical analysis

摘要:

［目的］为清晰识别土地流转对农户生计转型的影响程度，以期为后期土地流转政策及农户生计引导政策提供科学的决策依据。［方法］文章借鉴已有研究方法，基于农户可持续生计分析框架，利用内蒙古4个市区的380户农户样本数据，采用Multinomial Logit 模型对参与土地流转和未参与土地流转农户的生计模式进行了分析，客观评价农村土地流转对农户生计转型的影响。［结果］农地流转在一定程度上对农户的生计转型产生了显著影响，拥有较低自然资本和较高金融资本的农户倾向混合型和务工型生计策略，同时人力资本水平高的家庭更倾向于采取混合型生计策略，而不是采取农业型生计策略。［结论］农地流转后，农户从繁重的种植业活动中得以解放，有了更多时间和精力从事非农生产活动，生计策略由单一化走向多样化，从传统的主要依赖种植业到经营养殖业、从事建筑业、交通运输业、批发零售业等非农行业，多元化了农户的收入来源。

Abstract:

Based on 380 peasant households′ survey data of 4 counties in Inner Mongolia, this paper analyzed the effects of the farmland transfer on households′ livelihood using the Multinomial Logit model. The results showed that the agricultural land circulation had a significant impact on the livelihood transformation to some extent. The farmers with lower natural capital and higher financial capital tended to adopt mix-and-work livelihood strategies, at the same time, the families with high levels of human capital tended to adopt hybrid livelihood strategies. The households′ livelihood strategies were not only affected by the natural capital, physical capital, and human capital, but also the farmland transfer. Farmland transfer improved the level of farmers′ livelihood diversification, and reduced the vulnerability of the farmers′ production, and increased the income source by non-agricultural industries.