城镇近郊空心村建设用地整治效果及差异研究——以冉义镇11个村庄为例

STUDY ON THE REGULATION EFFECT AND DIFFERENCE OF THE CONSTRUCTION LAND OF THE HOLLOW VILLAGE IN THE SUBURBAN AREA OF THE TOWN——A CASE STUDY OF 11 VILLAGES OF RANYI TOWN

关键词:  城镇近郊空心村 建设用地 节约集约 效果差异 聚类分析

Key words:  the hollow village in the suburbs of cities and towns  construction land  saving and intensive  difference of effect  cluster analysis

摘要:

［目的］空心村演变为不良现象，阻碍新农村建设与城乡统筹发展。为了分析空心村产生的深层次原因，寻求解决建设用地粗放利用和浪费问题的有效办法，文章开展了空心村综合整治评价。［方法］基于城镇近郊区空心村建设用地整治实地调研，以冉义镇11个村庄为研究区域，分析整治前后数据，构建建设用地节约集约评价体系，采用层次分析法对比分析各村庄整治前后效果，包括土地利用效果评价与节约集约评价，运用聚类分析划分整治效果区域，并研究其差异。［结果］经过整治，冉义镇土地利用效率提高，建设用地节约集约水平由粗放（25.08）提高到中度状态（50.98），冉义镇11个村的整治效果分为低度、中低度、中度3类节约集约区。其中斜江村、延贡村等属于低度节约集约区，共富村、园林村等属于中低度节约集约区，九龙村、白玉村等属于中度节约集约区。［结论］冉义镇各村庄整治相比普通空心村整治具有区位优势； 建设用地整治效果整体较好，局部存在差异，主要源于村庄闲置宅基地面积、产业结构与产值、经济发展水平等原因； 整治评价中，产业用地地均产值、人均宅基地面积、自然村建筑密度、人均建设用地等关键指标能够产生重大影响。基于此，提出增强空心村整治效果的对策措施是考虑关键因素，挖掘整治潜力，发展多元经济，改善村民就业，打造美丽宜居乡村等，以期为城镇近郊区空心村建设用地节约集约利用提供技术支撑。

Abstract:

The hollow village hinders the construction of new countryside and the development of urban and rural areas. In order to analyze the deep reasons of the hollow village, and find an effective way to solve the problem of extensive use and waste of construction land, this paper carried out the comprehensive evaluation of the hollow village. Based on a field research on the construction land remediation of the hollow village in the suburban area of the 11 villages of Ranyi town, this paper built economical and intensive evaluation system of construction land, compared the regulation effect of construction land using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and conducted a effect evaluation on land use and economical and intensive evaluation. In addition, it used the cluster analysis to classify village renovation effect and studied the differences in the different villages renovation. The results showed that, after renovation, the land use efficiency of Ranyi town was increased. The construction land conservation and intensive level increased from extensive (25.08) to moderate state (50.98). Moreover, the effect of the remediation of the 11 villages was divided into three areas: low, under moderate, moderate economical and intensive area. It concluded that the Ranyi town had geographical advantages compared with ordinary hollow village. The regulation effect of the village land was good and had big difference because of the idle land area, the industrial structure and the output value, the level of economic development, and other factors. The average output value of industrial land, per capita land area, the density of natural village construction, per capita construction land and other key indicators had significant impacts on the remediation evaluation. Finally, it put forward some countermeasures to enhance the effect of hollow village renovation, such as considering the key factors, digging the potential of regulation, developing diversified economy, improving employment of villagers, creating a beautiful and livable village and so on, to provide technical support for the intensive use of the hollow village construction land in the suburban area of the city.