加快数字农业建设 为农业农村现代化增添新动能

SPEED UP THE CONSTRUCTION OF DIGITAL AGRICULTURE AND ADD NEW ENERGY TO AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL MODERNIZATION

关键词:  数字农业 数字经济 现代农业 乡村振兴 大数据 农业信息化

Key words:  digital agriculture  digital economy  modernization agriculture  rural revitalization  Big Data  agriculture information

摘要:

［目的］贯彻落实党的十九大报告提出的乡村振兴战略以及习近平总书记最近提出的实施大数据战略要求。［方法］文章认为数字农业是实现这两大战略融合发展的必然要求和根本途径。数字农业将沿着数字技术产业化和农业产业数字化两条主线发展。［结果］数字技术产业化是用信息把小农户和大市场连接起来、用网络把乡村和城市连接起来开展全产业链条的信息服务，将形成市场主导的新型农业服务体系。产业数字化是把农业全过程数字化，提升农业生产的空间应变能力和生产要素的匹配使用能力，改善农业生产方式向精准农业和智慧农业方式发展，将形成政府推动的新型农业生产方式。两条主线融合到现代农业当中，必然形成数字农业经济体系，成为现代农业的实现途径和表现形式，成为数字中国和数字经济的重要组成部分。［结论］该文认为数字农业或者现代农业是必须同时包含数字和土地这两个核心要素的产业体系，论证了数字技术和现代农业的辩证关系。根据国内外实践和经验总结，初步提出了我国建设数字农业的基本思路、重点任务和工作措施。

Abstract:

The "Rural Revitalization Strategy" was made in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party earlier. Recently, President Xi Jinping proposed the requirement of "Big Data Strategy". On this background, the present study insists that digital agriculture is the necessary and fundamental way to implement the two strategies mentioned previously. Specifically, digital agriculture will be developed following two main directions, namely the industrialization of digital technology (IDT) and the digitization of agricultural industry (DAI). IDT is to connect small farmers and big markets using information, and is also to link countries and cities by internet for providing information service in the whole industry chain, which will form a market-led new type of agricultural service system. DAI is to make the whole agriculture processes digital, aiming at enhancing the capacity of agricultural production to adapt to the space resilience and production factors and improving the mode of agricultural production to the development of precision and smart agriculture, which will form a government-promoted new mode of agricultural production. A new digital agricultural economic system will sure to be developed by merging the two directions in the modern agriculture. Meanwhile, the new digital agricultural economic system will be a significant part of the digital China and the digital economy. The present study considers that the key factor "digital" and the core element "land" must be simultaneously contained in the digital or modern agriculture. In addition, the dialectical relationship between digital technology and modern agriculture is demonstrated. In the end, the basic ideas, key tasks and methods are initially proposed following the domestic and foreign practices and experiences.