苏南古镇生态环境承载力分析与低碳旅游环境构建研究——以昆山市周庄、锦溪、千灯古镇为例

ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS AND LOW CARBON TOURISM ENVIRONMENT BUILD OF ANCIENT TOWNS —— A CASE STUDY OF ZHOUZHUANG, JINXI, QIANDENG

关键词:  生态环境承载力 低碳旅游环境 构建 古镇 昆山

Key words:  ecological environmental bearing capacity  low carbon tourism environment  build  ancient town  Kunshan city

摘要:

［目的］旅游地生态环境承载力与低碳旅游环境构建直接关系到旅游地低碳旅游能否真正实现。以苏南古镇周庄、锦溪、千灯为研究案例地，通过实地调查获取古镇生态环境承载力相关数据，分析古镇生态环境承载力，并从低碳交通环境、低碳建筑环境、低碳生活环境等3个方面确定10个调查指标，对古镇旅游者低碳旅游环境感知展开问卷调查，研究古镇低碳旅游环境的构建。［方法］古镇生态环境承载力相关数据采用生态环境承载力公式进行分析。采用主成分法对10个调查指标进行探索性因子分析，了解古镇低碳旅游环境现状，利用单因素方差分析法，检验不同人口学特征旅游者低碳旅游环境感知的差异。［结果］3个古镇生态环境承载力总体尚未超载，但周庄在国庆黄金周期间存在水环境承载力超载现象。3个古镇低碳交通环境构建最好，低碳建筑环境、低碳生活环境均需要改善。不同人口学特征旅游者低碳旅游环境感知仅在少数指标上存在差异性。［结论］古镇生态环境承载力总体能够满足旅游业发展需要。古镇低碳旅游环境在政策引导、低碳建筑、低碳能源、低碳设施、限制一次性用品、植树造林、资源回收利用等方面需要进一步完善。

Abstract:

The ecological environmental bearing capacity and the construction of low carbon tourism environment of tourist area are directly related to the realization of low carbon tourism. Taking three ancient towns (Zhouzhuang, Jinxi, Qiandeng) as a case, this paper analyzed the ancient town ecological environmental bearing capacity through the field investigation. 10 survey indexes were determined from three aspects: low carbon transportation environment, low carbon construction environment and low carbon living environment. Investigation had been taken in the low carbon travel environment of tourists' perception in ancient town. The data of the ancient town ecological environmental bearing capacity was analyzed by the formula of ecological environmental bearing capacity. The exploratory factor analysis of 10 indexes was carried out by principal component analysis to understand the current situation of low carbon tourism environment in ancient town. A single factor variance analysis method was used to test the differences in the low carbon tourism environment perception of tourists with different demographic characteristics. The results showed that ecological environment capacity of three ancient towns had not been overloaded, but Zhouzhuang had the phenomenon of water environmental capacity overload during the National Day golden week. Low carbon transportation environment of three ancient towns was better, but the low carbon construction environment and low carbon living environment need to be improved. The low carbon tourism environment perception of tourists with different demographic characteristics was different. The ecological environment capacity of three ancient towns can meet the needs of the tourism development. The policy guiding, low carbon building, low carbon energy, low carbon facility, the limit of disposable supplies, forest planting and resources recycling needed to be improved in ancient towns. Finally, the author put forward the building strategies for low carbon tourism environment of ancient town, in order to provide valuable reference for the ecological environment protection and decision-making management department of tourist destination, such as to formulate low carbon tourism policy, unified construction of low carbon tourism scenic area of ancient town, to apply wisdom tourism technology for architecture design, chose the local low carbon environmental protection building materials, to make use of renewable energy sources such as solar, biomass, eliminated pollution energy sources such as coal, to develop energy-saving and water-saving facilities, restricted energy wasting and water wasting equipment operation, to reduce the hotel disposable supplies, advocated carry or recycle tourism supplies, to encourage forest planting, strengthened the construction of the lawn green space and other soil ground, to strengthen the garbage classification dispose, realized resource recycling.