我国农业用水利益相关者研究进展与展望

RESEARCH ABOUT DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECT OF AGRICULTURAL-WATER-USE STAKEHOLDERS IN CHINA

关键词:  农业用水 利益相关者 利益诉求 博弈 展望

Key words:  agricultural water  stakeholders  the determination of interests  game theory  prospect

摘要:

［目的］我国农业用水占全国总用水量的60%以上，农业是耗水大的产业，而农业用水的利用率低、浪费严重，是长期存在的问题。近年来逐渐聚焦利益相关者研究，希望通过探究农业用水系统中各利益相关者的互动行为，来提高改革效率、改善治理方式，从而实现水资源的高效利用。［方法］文章利用文献分析法，通过搜集国内农业用水利益相关者研究的相关文献，总结利益相关者界定、利益诉求确定和利益主体博弈上的研究成果，提炼研究方法，为未来的研究提供指导。［结果］该文总结已有文献中提出利益相关者共19 个，并提出了各利益相关者在研究中出现的频次。利益相关者的研究方法主要运用了“Mitchell的评分法”“文氏图法”和“利益相关者图解法”。［结论］目前，国内对于农业利益用水利益相关者的研究非常有限，存在主要问题包括：利益相关者理论单一、研究内容较为宏观、研究不够深入。在未来研究中可以实现多学科理论的结合，同时选择研究对象时可以更有针对性，研究更加深入。

Abstract:

Agricultural as a serious drain of water resources industry, consumed over 60% of the total water in China each year. Agricultural water utilization was in state of inefficient and thriftless seriously for long-term. In recent years, studies have focused on stakeholder research gradually and hope to explore the interactive behavior of various stakeholders in agricultural water system to improve the efficiency of the reform and management mode, so as to realize the efficient utilization of water resources. Based on the published domestic papers, this paper summarized the research results covering the definition of stakeholders, the determination of interest demands and the game of interest subjects. The results showed that 19 stakeholders were identified and analyzed their occurrence frequency. The main research methods included "Mitchell score", "Venn diagram" and "stakeholder diagrammatic method". There were many problems in the study of stakeholders of agricultural water utilization, for example, the theory of stakeholders was single, the research content was macroscopic and the research was not deep enough. Therefore, it should combine multi-disciplinary theory on specific objects and in-depth contents.