生态循环农业的发展模式及利益联结研究——基于河南省漯河市的案例分析

THE DEVELOPMENT MODELS AND BENEFIT COMBINATION OF ECO-RECYCLING AGRICULTURE——BASED ON THE CASE ANALYSIS IN LUOHE, HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  生态循环农业 发展模式 利益联结 农业企业 漯河市

Key words:  eco-recycling agriculture  development model  benefit combination  agricultural enterprise  Luohe

摘要:

［目的］生态循环农业是我国农业发展的重要方向，探索有效的生态循环农业发展模式及其利益联结机制意义重大。［方法］在对河南省漯河市生态循环农业实地调研的基础上，综合运用成本收益方法、博弈论等方法进行分析与研究。［结果］在模式构建上，提出农业企业是生态循环农业发展的关键主体，构建了以农业企业为核心力量的企业内部自循环、企业间链条循环和区域内大循环等3种生态循环农业发展模式，归纳了各模式的运行特点及适用场合。在利益联结机制上，阐明企业内自循环取决于循环与不循环两种方式成本的比较情况；企业间链条循环模式稳态存在的实质是各个独立企业和政府之间的博弈过程，各方在满足各自经济利益和环境目标需求下形成一种均衡状态，这是企业间链条持续循环存在的基础；区域内大循环既要遵从企业内自循环和企业间链条循环的基本条件，更要从区域的总体要求出发，通过规模经济、范围经济、网络经济、产业扩散效应等获得更大的效益。［结论］研究认为在发展生态循环农业中要重视农业企业的作用，培养农业企业的生态意识、循环经济意识，通过系统化措施鼓励、引导企业采用适合自身实际的生态循环发展模式，并在参与主体间形成长期、稳定的利益联结机制，推动生态循环农业持续健康发展。

Abstract:

Eco-recycling agriculture is the development direction of China's agriculture. In order to promote the development of eco-recycling agriculture, it is of great significance to explore the effective development model and combination mechanism. On the basis of field investigation in Luohe, Henan province, the methods of cost-benefit and game theory are applied in this paper. The results showed that the agricultural enterprise was the critical subject of developing eco-recycling agriculture. Three enterprise-based models were built, i.e., inner-enterprise self-circulation, inter-enterprise chain circulation, and regional greater circulation, their operating characteristics and applicable occasions were also summarized. Whether the inner-enterprise self-circulation can be realized depended on the comparison of the cost between cycle and non-circulation. The steady existence condition of inter-enterprise chain circulation model was emphatically analyzed using cost -benefit analysis and game theory, whose essence was a game process between individual enterprises and the government. The three sides must meet the demands of their economic benefits and environmental conditional objectives and then form a state of equilibrium, which constituted existence foundation of inter-enterprise chain circulation model. The regional greater circulation model conformed to the basic conditions of the inter-enterprise chain circulation and inner-enterprise self-circulation. Meanwhile, it would obtain more benefits because of scale economy, scope economy, net economy and industry diffusion effect. So, the role of agricultural enterprises should be paid more attention. It should cultivate the ecology and circular economy consciousness, encourage and guide the enterprises to choose suitable development model, build the long and steady benefit combination mechanism, and promote sustainable and healthy development of eco-recycling agriculture.